The Draper and Sanders families of Enfield, M'sex

Henry Draper (c. 1734-1791) and his siblings.

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Now that I have followed the Draper trail back to the 1730s, it has become very difficult to trace the family further. I have not even been able to discover the name of the parents of my Henry Draper...I know that he was born c. 1734 because of his burial record recording his age, but have not been able to definitely pinpoint his birth or baptism. I have found one possible match:-

Henry Draper, baptised at St. John the Baptist, Hillingdon, on June 20, 1735, the son of Henry Draper and Jane Bowden (married Hillingdon on December 2, 1727). This Henry had three siblings- John baptised 28 December, 1728 (died 1728); Thomas Draper baptised May 8, 1730; and Sarah Draper baptised March 24, 1732. Henry's wife Jane was buried at St. John the Baptist, Hillingdon, on August 2, 1761.

I know definitely that our Henry had a brother named James Draper, and have penciled in two others as "maybes". There is the connection with the Quaker Church that must be considered as well, and the effect that lack of baptism/birth records available has on research in this period.

Brothers Henry and James Draper were both buried in the Quaker Burial ground at Winchmore Hill. As I have mentioned in a previous blog, there are several older Draper individuals who were also buried there:

Joseph Draper of Tottenham High Cross died April 6, 1762, aged about 27 years, of comsumption. Born c. 1741.

Jane Draper of Tottenham High Cross. Died April 26, 1762, aged about 58 years, of consumption. Born c. 1704.

John Draper of Enfield died September 12, 1762, aged 64 yeras, of a fever. Born c. 1698.

Lidia Draper of Enfield died 1762 aged about 50 of dropsy. Born c. 1712.

Martha Draper of Enfield died 1762 aged about 50 years, of a fever. Born c. 1712.

Baptisms of the children of Joseph & Mary Draper.

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Above: The baptism records of the children of Joseph Draper and his wife Mary, surname unknown. All seven children- six sons and one daughter- were baptised at St. Johns, Hampstead.

Jelly Probates.

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Will of Joseph Jelly, Baker.

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Above: The will of Joseph Jelly, husband of Sarah Draper.

Burials of Joseph Jelly Senior & two of his sons.

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Above: The burial records for Joseph Jelly, husband of Sarah Draper, his infant son Henry and his son Jospeh.

Family of Sarah Draper & Joseph Jelly

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Above: Records for the marriage of Sarah Draper to Joseph Jelly, and the baptismal records of their three children- Ann, Jospeh and Henry.

Marriage of Ann Draper, daughter of David & Sarah.

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Top: The marriage record of Ann Draper, one of three daughters born to David Draper and Sarah Wood. They were married on 13 OCT 1816 at Saint Saviour, Southwark, Surrey.

I have only located one child being born to this couple- a daughter named Ann whose baptismal record is also reproduced above. She was baptised on 20 January, 1819, at Saint Paul, Deptford. Her father was noted as being a sail maker.

From the will of Henry Draper, Ann Draper Garrett's uncle, we know that by 1835 when the will was written, Ann was a widow. Looking for burials of a Henry Garrett of a suitable age dying in the period 1819 (the birth of his daughter Ann) and 1838, we find only one in the London/Middlesex area:

Henry Garrett of Little Surrey Street was buried on May 29, 1829, at St. George The Martyr, Southwark, aged 47 years.

Marriages of Priscilla Draper, daughter of David & Sarah.

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Above: Records of the two marriages of Priscilla Draper, firstly to William Footman in 1808, and then to Jeremiah Harris in 1822. She was in her eighteenth year when she married William, and almost 32 at the time of her second marriage to Jeremiah. Strangely, Priscilla was noted as being a spinster at the time of her second marriage. There is no doubt that the Priscilla Draper who married William Footman and the one who later married Jeremiah Harris is the same woman, as in the will of her uncle, Henry Draper, he referred to her as "my niece Priscilla Harris otherwise Priscilla Footman."

The best candidate for Priscilla's husband is a William Footman, aged 32 years, who was buried at St. Andrews, Holborn, on April 8, 1820.

Jeremiah Harris is a mystery man. I can find no reference to him apart from his marriage to Priscilla Draper. I have searched Ancestry.com and Family Search for children born to Priscilla and Jeremiah Harris to no avail. I can't find a death for him, nor find either in the census returns.

I did find a death for a Priscilla Harris of the same age as Priscilla Draper...Priscilla Harris was buried at St. Lukes, Chelsea, on January 26, 1844, aged 55 years.

Adult baptisms of the children of David Draper & Sarah Wood

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Marriage and burials of David Draper & Sarah Wood.

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David Draper, son of Henry & Ann Draper.

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David Draper was born c. 1763 at either Edmonton or Enfield, the son of Henry and Ann Draper. His birth or baptism has not been located, so his year of birth is an approximation taken from the age given on his death certificate, which states that he was 81 years old at the time of his death in 1844.

On November 14, 1777, David Draper, the son of Henry Draper of Enfield, currier, was apprenticed to William Blake of the Tinplate Workers Company. On October 29, 1778, David was turned over to Nathaniel Ravis. (Source of information: origins.net )

On March 28, 1785, at St. James, Clerkenwell, David Draper married Sarah Wood. I cannot locate any baptisms for their children between 1785 and 1800, and I believe that the reason for this is that the family were Quakers and therefore did not practice the ritual of baptism. I found adult baptisms for five of their children - Henry, Priscilla, Joseph, Thomas and Sarah.

St. James, Clerkenwell:
Priscilla Draper, daughter of David Draper, tin man, Cows Cross, and Sarah, baptised March 28, 1827. Born November 21, 1790.

Joseph Draper, son of David Draper, tinplate worker, and Sarah. Baptised November 14, 1827. Born September 24, 1791.

Thomas Draper, son of David Draper, tinplate worker, and Sarah. Baptised November 14, 1827. Born November 27, 1793.

St. Brides, Fleet Street, London:

Sarah Draper, daughter of David Draper, tinman, and Sarah. Baptised June 8, 1828. Born December 18, 1796.

St. Leonards, Shoreditch:
Henry Draper, son of David Draper, carpenter, and Sarah. Baptised August 12, 1835. Born December 2, 1788.
(This last baptism record has incorrectly stated Henry Draper's occupation, which was a carpenter, rather than his father's , which was tinplate worker.)

Fortunately, the will of Henry Draper mentioned those children of his brother David who were living in 1834 at the time that he wrote his will. These children were Henry, James, Joseph, Thomas, Ann, Priscilla and Sarah.

Of these children, nothing is known of sons James and Thomas Draper. Daughters Ann, Sarah and Priscilla all married....Ann married Henry William Garrett on October 6, 1816, at St. Saviour, Southwark; Sarah married baker Joseph Jelly at St. Bride's, Fleet Street, London, on May 16, 1816; and Priscilla married twice...firstly to William Footman in February 1808 at All Hallows, Tottenham, and secondly to Jeremiah Harris on August 30, 1822, at Christchurch, Newgate. For some reason, when Priscilla married Jeremiah Harris, she married under her maiden name and declared that she was a spinster.

I can find no children born to Priscilla Draper from either of her two marriages, nor the definite deaths of her husbands. Priscilla herself died in 1844 aged 55 years, and was buried on January 26 at St. Lukes, Chelsea.

Ann Draper Garrett had lost her husband Henry Garrett by 1834 when her uncle, Henry Draper, wrote his will, as he referred to her as a widow. At this time she was living in one of Henry's cottages in Silver Street, Enfield, with her daughter, Ann. Ann is the only child I can find belonging to Ann and Henry William Garrett. She was born at Deptford, Kent, on December 16, 1818. The 1841 census found both Ann Garretts, mother and daughter, living in Silver Street, and working as dressmakers.

HENRY DRAPER: Eldest son, Henry Draper, became a successful carpenter and builder in the Enfield district. In 1823 he married Sarah Varley at St. Giles without Cripplegate. The couple had one child- a son named Henry William Draper was born on April 26, 1828, at Enfield. The census return for 1841 shows Henry and Sarah living in Silver Street, Enfield, with Henry's occupation listed as 'carpenter'. Their son Henry William was living at a public school in Nag's Head Lane, Enfield, aged 13 years.
In 1851, Henry and Sarah Draper were still at Silver Street, and 22 year old Henry William had rejoined his parents at home. Henry Senior was noted as being a 65 year old carpenter employing 6 men.
In 1861 the family was living at Silver Street, Enfield, and Henry Senior's carpentry business had increased to him employing seven men. His son Henry William was also a carpenter journeyman, and at the age of 32 was still unmarried. The next decade was one of great change. Henry Draper Senior died in 1864, leaving an estate worth under 12 thousand pounds. The following year his only child, Henry William Draper, married Cecilia Young, on February 16, 1865. Two daughters were born to Henry and Cecilia- Cecilia Caroline Sarah born January 16, 1866; and Emmeline Fanny born June 11, 1867. Henry's wife, Cecilia Draper, died in 1869, aged 35 years. Tragically, Cecilia died as the result of giving birth to her third daughter, a baby named Blanche Evelyn Draper. In 1870, Henry William's mother, Sarah Draper, died, aged 79 years.

The 1871 census finds Henry William Draper widowed with three little girls to care for. Cecilia is five and Emmeline three, and 42 year old Henry's profession is noted as being a "retired carpenter". Blanche, the youngest daughter, was living with the Pritchard family of Raleigh Road, Enfield, where she had been placed as a nurse child after the death of her mother.

When the Draper girls were aged twelve, ten and eight, their father, Henry William Draper, died at the age of 49 years. The family had moved from Enfield to Aldbury Farm, Cheshunt, Herts, and Henry died there on February 8, 1878. His estate was sworn in as valuing under ten thousand pounds. Now orphaned, the Draper sisters were sent to live at a boarding school in Gentleman's Row, Enfield. At the time of the 1881 census they were there as scholars- Cecilia Draper, 15, Emily Draper, 13, and Blanche 12, all born Enfield.

Blanche Evelyn Draper married in 1890. The three possible grooms named on the same page of the index are Georges Henry Allcon, Charles Mills and John Atkinson. I cannot find any trace of Blanche under any of these names.
Cecilia Caroline Sarah Draper married Edward Albert Knight in 1888. Her husband was a solicitor. In the 1891 census they were residing in Hastings, where Edward was practicing as a solicitor and Cecilia was caring for their 2 year old son Clifford and 6 month old daughter Dorothy with the aid of three female servants. Her unmarried sister Emmaline was also residing with the family.

In the 1901 census, their family consisted of 39 year old Edward Knight, the Registrar of the County Court at Hastings; his 35 year old wife Cecilia; and their children Clifford Edward, Dorothy, Gladys and Lionel Rankin. By 1911, Cecilia was a widow, and living with her daughter Dorothy in the family home 'Oaklands' at St. Leonards On Sea, Hastings. Son Clifford was 22 and living in Manchester where he was a student; Lionel was living in London and working as a merchant's clerk.

Middle sister Emmeline Draper never married. In the 1911 census she was living on her own means in a house in Enfield, aged 43. Living with her was head of the household, 68 year old Eliza Hunter, a mental nurse, and general servant Rosina Houchin. I don't know if Eliza was acting in the capacity of mental nurse to Emmeline Draper, or if Emmeline was simply boarding there.
Emmeline Fanny Draper died at Bethnal House, Bethnal Green, Middlesex, on September 5, 1916. She left an estate valued at just over 3650 pounds, and probate of her will was granted to her widowed sister, Cecilia Caroline Sarah Knight and solicitor Thomas Waghorne Stevens.
Emmeline's place of death solves the question of whether Eliza Hunter, mental nurse, was working in that capacity to care for Emmeline in the 1911 census...Bethnal House was a privately run Mental Asylum, often referred to as the "madhouse" or "lunatic asylum".

SARAH DRAPER: Sarah was born on December 18, 1796, at Enfield, the daughter of David Draper and Sarah Wood. On May 12, 1816, at St. Brides, Fleet Dtreet, Sarah married baker Joseph Jelly. Their children were:
* Ann Jelly: born March 30, 1817, Enfield. Married James Tuckney Taylor in 1846. Widowed in 1860.
* Joseph Jelly: born July 21, 1818. Died February 1855. Married Rebecca Marsh at St. Lukes, Finsbury, on September 6, 1840. Baker by profession.
* Henry Jelly: born February 22, 1821, Enfield. Died March 1823, aged 2 years.

Joseph Jelly Senior, husband of Sarah, of Silver Street, Enfield, died on November 10, 1840. He was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on November 21, 1840.
Sarah Draper Jelly's only surviving son, Joseph Jelly, married Rebecca Marsh in 1840 and had a family of four daughters and two sons:
Sarah Ann Jelly born Silver Street, Enfield. Baptised October 27, 1841.
Emma Jelly: born Silver Street, Enfield. Baptised May 25, 1845.
Rebecca Jelly: born Silver Street, Enfield. Baptised November 7, 1847.
Joseph Thomas Jelly: born Enfield Town. Baptised February 28, 1849.
Ann Maria Jelly: born Enfield Town. Baptised June 13, 1852.
Samuel Jelly: born Johns Row, Finsbury, November 8, 1853. Baptised March 4, 1854.
Henry William Jelly: born November 17, 1852. Baptised March 4, 1855.
Joseph Jelly, husband of Rebecca, died on January 29, 1855, aged 36 years. Rebecca remarried just over five years later. She married cabinet maker Joseph Reed in 1861, and resided with him and her younger children in Clerkenwell.

After spending her latter years living with her widowed daughter Ann Draper Taylor,
Sarah Draper Jelly died on November 26, 1877, at 47 Marine Parade, Brighton, Sussex.

JOSEPH DRAPER: born September 24, 1791, the son of David Draper and Sarah Wood. Joseph was a poulterer, conducting his business in Hampstead where he also raised his family with wife Mary. Their children were:
Henry Draper: born October 29, 1819, Hampstead.
David Draper: baptised June 10, 1821, Hampstead.
Joseph William Draper: born May 31, 1822, Hampstead.
James Draper: born September 9, 1823, Hampstead.
John Draper: born November 2, 1825, Hampstead.
Mary Draper: baptised October 25, 1829, Hampstead.
Peter Draper: baptised June 10, 1832, Hampstead.

Translating Henry Draper's will.

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Unlike many old wills, the handwriting in Henry Draper's will is very easy to read, so I will not be transcribing the entire will word for word. It is quite lengthy, and has large tracts of boring legal-speak, so I will just be transcribing for this blog those sections that mention family matters.

"In the name of God Amen.
I, Henry Draper the Elder of Enfield in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do make this my last will and testament as follows.
I desire my body may be interred in the Friends Burial Ground at Winchmore Hill in the parish of Edmonton in the county of Middlesex close to the side of the coffin of of my late mother Ann Draper where a space of ground is left for that purpose. And I desire that my inside coffin be made of one such elm board and lined with flannel or wool mattrass and sheet, shroud, cap, pillow etc all of fine flannel. I desire my outside coffin to be made of ___ and an half sound English Oak free from sap to have a moulded plinth and lid to be well polished to have four pair of large brass plate lifting handles the inside to be well____ to have a brick grave covered with Yorkshire stone in the usual manner. I desire my funeral to be conducted consistent with the principles of Friends. I also desire and direct that all my just debts, funeral and testamentary expenses and the charges of proving this my will be paid and satisfied as soon after my decease as conveniently may be.
I give and devise all that freehold cottage or tenement in Silver Street in the parish of Enfield now in the occupation of Ann Garrett, widow, with the appurtenances unto the said Ann Garrett for and during her life if she shall so long continue a widow and keeping the same in tenantable repair. And from and immediately after her decease or marriage, which ever shall first happen, I give and devise the said cottage and tenement with the appurtenances unto my nephew HENRY DRAPER his heirs and assigns forever.

I give and devise all my freehold messuage or dwellinghouse buildings yard garden and premises situated in Silver Street in Enfield now in my occupation and also those two freehold cottages or tenements in the respective occupations of ___ Matthews, widow, and Elizabeth Keen in Silver Street aforesaid. And also those five cottages at Chase Side in Enfield in the several occupations of Sarah Newman, widow; Sarah Simmons; John Gould; John Burkett and Robert Briden. And also all that piece or parcel of enclosed freehold land situated at Clay Hill in Enfield in the occupation of Edward Harman Eqq. And also all that piece of enclosed freehold land situate on the north east side of the Ridgeway Road in Enfield leading from Enfield Town to Potters bar now in the occupation of Joseph Vaughan. Also that piece of enclosed freehold land situated on the south-west side of the said Ridgeway Road now in the occupation of Benjamin Nott. And also that piece of copyhold land situated on the east side of the Parsonage Lane Road now in the occupation of ___ Saville and all other my freehold and copyhold estates in the parish of Enfield unto my nephew HENRY DRAPER his heirs and assigns to hold the same unto and to the use of the said Henry Draper his heirs and assigns forever.
I give and bequeath all that my leasehold house and premises in Silver Street aforesaid now in the occupation of ____ Cotton and also all stoves, grates, coppers and other fixtures which may be in or about all and every of the said houses and premises at the time of my decease unto my said nephew Henry Draper.

...I give and bequest unto Samuel Compton of the Chase Side in Enfield, Gentleman, and John Catchpole of Winchmore Hill, Edmonton , baker, three thousand pounds three per centum Consolidated Bank Annuities upon the trusts following. That is to say upon Trust to receive and take the interest dividends and annual proceeds thereof and to pay the same unto MY BROTHER DAVID DRAPER for and during the term of his life and after his decease to pay the same to the present wife of the said David Draper and after the decease of the survivor of them yo pay or transfer and divide the sum of eighteen hundred pounds part of the said principal sum or stock of 3000 pounds 3% Consolidated Bank Annuities equally between my said nephews HENRY DRAPER & JAMES DRAPER, sons of my brother DAVID DRAPER; and my nephew DAVID DRAPER son of my late brother JOHN DRAPER, deceased...
...I hereby direct that my said trustees shall stand possessed of the remaining 1200 pounds stock, other part of the said principal stock of 3000 pounds 3 % consolidated bank annuities upon trust to pay the interest , dividends and annual proceeds of moiety thereof unto MY NIECE ANN GARRETT during her life and from her decease transfer one moiety of the said capital stock of 1200 pounds amongst the children or child of the said Ann Garrett...
...unto my NIECE SARAH JELLY wife of Joseph Jelly of Enfield, Baker, during her life and after her decease to the children or child of the said Sarah Jelly....
....I give and bequeath unto my nephews HENRY DRAPER and JAMES DRAPER children of my said brother DAVID DRAPER and my nephew DAVID DRAPER son of my late brother JOHN DRAPER one thousand pounds stock 3 % consolidated bank annuities each. And to my nephews JOSEPH DRAPER and THOMAS DRAPER children of my brother David Draper five hundred pounds 3% consolidated bank annuities each.
....divide 300 pounds 3 % consolidated bank annuities upon trust between MARY, CHARLOTTE and ANN, the three daughters of my LATE NIECE ELIZABETH WAGER at such time and in such proportion as they shall think fit and most advantageous to them.

..I give and bequeath to MY COUSIN MARTHA PLUME wife of James Plume the sum of twenty pounds.
..To my housekeeper MARY ANN LOVE one hundred pounds if she be living with me at the time of my decease.
...To Elizabeth Randall my Servant ten pounds if she be living with me at the time of my decease.
...I give and bequeath to my brother DAVID DRAPER all my wearing apparel, table and other linen.
....I direct that my trustees set apart such funds as will produce by interest or dividends the yearly sum of fifteen pounds sterling and pay the same half yearly into the hands of MY NIECE PRISCILLA HARRIS otherwise PRISCILLA FOOTMAN
...after the decease of Priscilla Harris otherwise Footman...one half to the said ANN GARRETT during her life and the other to the said SARAH JELLY...
...I give and bequeath unto my said niece SARAH JELLY all such sum and sums of money , if any, that her husband Joseph Jelly may be indebted to me at the time of my decease.
...I appoint the said Samuel Compton and John Catchpole executors of this my will to whom I give and bequeath the sum of fifty pounds sterling each.
...I set my hand this sixth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and twenty four.
Witnesses: Thomas Grant, Enfield
William sawyer, Enfield
Henry Sawyer, Enfield.

A codicil to Henry Draper's will revokes the appointment of Samuel Compton as executor, and also the bequest left to him. Henry appoints instead his nephew Henry Draper the Younger, builder of Enfield. Dated August 9, 1830.

The will was proved on January 17, 1838.

Henry Draper's Will.

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Above: A copy of the will of Henry Draper, the son of Henry and Ann Draper and elder brother of my ggggg grandfather John Draper. This will has been invaluable in sorting out family members and relationships within the Draper family.

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Documents re. Henry Draper's apprenticeship.

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Above: Taken from the Carpenters' Company: Minute Books of Courts and Committees. Source: London Lives 1690-1800 (http://www.londonlives.org/ )

These two documents indicate that Henry Draper, father of Henry, John and David Draper, was by profession a currier.

Henry Draper, elder brother of John Draper.

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Henry Draper was the first born child of Henry Draper and his wife Anne. As can be seen above, he was baptised at Edmonton on June 25, 1758.

Not much is known about Henry Draper the Younger. We know that he was apprenticed by his father as a young man to London carpenter Epiphranius Poole. He was apprenticed to Epiphranius Poole from 1772 until 1779. After completing his apprenticeship, he seems to have settled in the Enfield district.

There is no record of a marriage for Henry Draper, and no reference to a wife when he wrote his will in 1834.

Burial of Frances Banks Draper, widow of John Draper.

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Above: The burial entries for Frances Draper, widow of John, from the parish registers of St. Andrews, Enfield. They note that she is the widow of both John Draper and her first husband Banks, but unfortunately don't mention his first name, which I just can't discover!

John Draper's Will.

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Above: The will of murder victim John Draper, written five years before his demise at the Bald-faced Stag at Enfield Chase, Middlesex.

" In the Name of God. Amen. I, John Draper, of the parish of Enfield in the County of Middlesex, Wheelwright, being of sound mind and memory do make this my last will and testament, at the same time revoking all former wills made by me declaring this to be my last will and testament.

I desire my body to be decently interred in the churchyard of this parish as near to my former wife as possible and hereby direct that my funeral expenses and all my just debts be paid as soon as convenient after my decease by my executors hereinafter named.

First I give and bequest unto my son DAVID DRAPER, cordwainer of the parish of Edmonton in the County of Middlesex one half of my real and personal estates, money in the Bank of England and everything I am possessed of whatsoever or wheresoever for his sole use and benefit. I also give and bequeath unto my daughter ELIZABETH WAGER the other half of my real and personal estates and money in the bank of England and everything I am possessed of whatsoever and wheresoever In trust for ___ her heirs forever and I do hereby appoint my executors hereinafter named trustees to my said daughter Elizabeth Wager and her heirs. I do also give and bequeath unto my present wife FRANCES DRAPER one third of my freehold estate with the stock in trade, household furniture and effects which she now enjoys at her dwelling house at Forty Hill in this parish on condition of her paying and satisfying all the just debts which may have been __ by her at any time previous to my decease and I do hereby appoint my brother HENRY DRAPER, Carpenter, and DAVID BECK, Gentleman, both of this parish joint executors and trustees of this my last Will and Testament to which I have hereunto set my hand and seal this twenty sixth day of August in the Year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eleven.

John Draper. Signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of John Walker, Thomas Bliss and John Davis.

8 February 1817. Admin (will ann.) of the goods __ of John Draper late of the Parish of Enfield in the County of Middlesex was granted to David Draper the son and Elizabeth Wager(wife of Thomas Wager) the daughter the residuary legatees having been first sworn duly ___ Henry Draper the brother and David Beck the executors___first ___.

The mystery of John Draper's insolvency

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Above: A directory from the 1790s (1790-97) showing that John Draper was still a wheelwright in Enfield. He was still a wheelwright in 1811 when he wrote his last will and testament.

One of the most interesting things to come out of James Tuck's trial for the murder of John Draper was the fact that John had somehow lost his wealth prior to his death and had at one stage declared insolvency.
One of the witnesses called to the stand first alerted me to this piece of information. His testimony stated that he was one of the pugilists residing at the Bald-faced Stag with James Tuck. They were sitting at breakfast on the morning of August 8th when they saw John Draper pass. Robert Crouch testified that James Tuck said to him"Here comes old Draper, as good an old fellow as ever was." They had a conversation about him, during which James Tuck told the fighter that John Draper had previously been in good circumstances financially, but was now "reduced to serve summonses for the Court of Requests".

The following statement came from Crouch's testimony as recorded on the Oldbaileyonline website:

"I was there on the morning of the 8th, I saw the deceased come up to the house that morning, he had a horse and cart, and said he was going to Barnet, The prisoner spoke to him kindly; he spoke of him before he came up to the house; we were at breakfast, and the window was open, and we saw the deceased coming up with the horse and cart; and the prisoner said, here is Mr. Draper coming, as good an old man as ever lived; he said he understood he had been a man of considerable property, but through some misconduct of his own or law affairs, his relations got it. They shook hands together through the window, when Draper came up; there seemed to be a cordiality and friendship between them."

When David Draper, John's brother, appeared as a witness later in the trial, he was questioned on his brother's financial difficulties. He stated that his brother had been "unfortunate", and had been insolvent about two or three years ago. The great amount of money that John Draper had with him at the time of his death was not his, but the money of others that he had collected as part of his job.

I have combed the newspapers and The London Gazette for mention of this insolvency in the period 1812-1815, all to no avail. It is an area of John Draper's life that I will continue to chip away at in order to discover the circumstances of his financial decline.

Burial record of John Draper.

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Jackson's Oxford Journal, September 28, 1816.

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From The Morning Post, September 21, 1816.

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Exerpts from The Morning Chronicle, September 21, 1816.

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Trewman's Exeter Flying Post, September 5, 1816.

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The Morning Post, September 21, 1816.

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The Times, August 14; & The Derby Mercury, August 29, 1816.

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Above: The London Times, August 14, 1816.

Trewman's Exeter Flying Post, August 29, 1816.

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The Morning Chronicle, August 20, 1816.

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The London Examiner, August 18, 1816

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Bury & Norwich Post,August 28, 1816

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Newspaper reports of the death of John Draper, 1816.

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The Trial of James Tuck, September 1816.

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I am in a quandary over how I should present the trial of James Tuck in this blog. The court proceedings as presented on the Oldbaileyonline website, plus numerous newspaper articles published at the time of the trial, run into many pages. For me to type them out for reproduction here would be incredibly time consuming, so for convenience I think I might just scan and publish the articles in question.

Looking back over the trial, it staggers me that James Tuck was allowed to walk free, totally acquitted of any guilt or involvement in the death of John Draper. Or why the involvement of the pugilists who were staying and training at the Bald-faced Stag was not investigated more vigorously. That John Draper was murdered is beyond all doubt. More modern inquests would have investigated whether or not he was dead before being thrown into the well, and determined whether his death was by drowning, or from a blow or blows delivered prior to being thrown in.
I wonder how John's family felt about the unfinished business of determining just how he had died, as well as who was responsible. His daughter Elizabeth Draper Wager died the following year, in 1817, aged only 32, and his second wife Frances Banks Draper in 1823. John's brother, David Draper, who questioned the first "accidental death" verdict and demanded a second examination of the body, lived for another 28 years after his brother's murder. He died in Enfield Town in 1844, aged 81 years.

The Events of August 8, 1816.

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As an officer and beadle of the Court of Requests of Enfield, a major part of John Draper's job description was the collection of small debts from people who resided within the Court's jurisdiction. One of John's acquaintances was Richard Thomas, a schoolmaster at nearby Barnet, who often accompanied John on his debt collecting missions.
On the morning of Thursday, August 8, 1816, John Draper set off from his home in Chase Side, Enfield, accompanied by his small dog, and made his way to find Richard Thomas to invite his participation in the day's activities. The two men began their quest at about 10:30 a.m, and located one of their targets, a man named Daniel Chappel. He owed the sum of 2 pounds 18 shillings and 9 pence, and John Draper and Richard Thomas arrested him and took him to the 'Robin Hood and Little John' at Potter's Bar to settle the debt. Chappel sent for Mr Reynolds, his attorney, who paid the said debt on his arrival.
It was at this time that John Draper pulled out the little red pocket book that was to become instrumental in the trial of his murder. It already contained what was described as " a large roll of bank notes" , to which John added Chappel's contribution. Mr Reynolds the attorney actually commented on the quantity of money, and voiced his surprise that Draper was not scared to carry that much money around with him.
That business completed, John and Richard made their way to the White Bear Public House at Barnet, and settled themselves in for a bit of a session. Richard Thomas left John there at 7:10 p.m, and later commented that at this time the beadle was "neither sober nor drunk".
A hairdresser named James Smith dropped into the pub for a pint of porter, and despite not knowing John Draper previously, the two men obviously bonded over a friendly drink and James accompanied John when he decided to move on to another pub. The motive for James' friendship may be explained by the fact that John Draper had a horse and cart and had promised James a lift part way of his journey home to Cheshunt.
After another pint of beer, the pair moved on again, this time stopping at the Bald-faced Stag at Enfield Chase. The time was about 8:30 p.m., and being in his home territory, John settled in for a few serious after-work drinks.
Amongst the other drinkers in the pub at the time were a group of pugilists- professional fighters who were residing and training at the Bald-faced Stag. One of these men was a big black man called Samuel Robinson, and after consuming three glasses of gin and water, John was full of enough Dutch courage and inflated self-belief to start antagonising the fighter.
He went so far as to pull out the red pocket book again and offered to place ten or twenty pounds to lay a bet if Robinson would fight him. Robinson would have taken one look at the 55 year old drunk man and known the money would be like taking candy from a baby, but he declined the offer and told Draper he would "take the law of him" if he struck him.
James Smith started trying to convince John Draper to leave the pub and start for home, but his words fell on deaf ears, and at about 10 p.m James had had enough..he bid John goodnight and headed out the door.
After walking for about twenty minutes, James must have been amazed when he was passed on the road by John Draper's horse and cart...minus John Draper! He climbed in, turned the horse around and returned to the Bald-faced Stag. Finding John still drinking and in fine form, James extracted a promise from him that they would leave when he had another "glass or two". Another hour passed, during which time the horse again scarpered for home from its position out the front of the pub. James and John went looking for it, and when John spied the hostler of the Bald-Faced Stag he grabbed him by the collar and demanded to know where his horse and cart were.
Roberts, the poor old hostler, protested his ignorance and stated truthfully that he knew nothing about them. Drunk and obnoxious, John started to shake Roberts, and after a struggle they both fell to the ground near the front door of the pub. Upon gaining his feet, John looked around for somebody else to fight, and attacked a haymaker who had been watching the scuffle. In defence the haymaker gave John several pushes to get him away before they were separated by James Smith.
Mrs Tuck, the publican's wife, took John into the pub and sat him in the parlour. James Smith was still with him, and other people in the parlour at the time were Robinson the fighter, a butcher named Walpole, a constable named John Holmes, James Tuck the landlord of the Bald-faced Stag and several others. Another round of drinks was partaken by John and his offsider James Smith, and then two other men, Richard Crouch and Peter Saunders, both pugilists, joined the group in the parlour.
For the last time James Smith entreated John Draper to accompany him home, but again his suggestion was refused, and at about 11 o'clock the two parted company again, this time for good.
James Smith started on the road to Hoxton, and about half a mile from Enfield he came across the escape artist horse for the second time. Despite not knowing exactly where John Draper lived, James climbed up into the cart and gave the horse its head, and like an equine version of Lassie the beast stopped right at John Draper's front door.
Upon knocking at said door and discovering that it was indeed the Draper residence, James had the job of informing Frances Draper, John's wife, that he had left her husband at the Bald-faced Stag. Frances, most likely well-used to such a situation, merely commented that she hoped her husband would take lodging there for the night as it was so late.
Back at the Bald-faced Stag, John Draper was drinking with John Holmes from Tottenham, a man who had also at times accompanied him on his debt-collecting rounds. It was agreed that Holmes should go home with John in his cart, the former not realising that this was impossible as the horse had made its own way home without its master.
At some time around eleven o'clock John Holmes realised that John Draper was no longer in the room, and that Robinson, Crouch and Saunders had also left, along with the landlord, James Tuck.
John Holmes went outside to see what had become of his lift home, and when he could find no sign of John Draper or his horse and cart he returned inside and proclaimed to his fellow drinkers "I believe Draper has given me the slip, for I intended to go home with him and he is gone."
John Holmes bought himself another drink, and around midnight left the Bald-faced Stag, having not seen John Draper or the pugilists again that evening.

Passing the Bald-faced Stag at around midnight was a young man by the name of Charles Thompson. He was the servant of Mr Paris, who resided about a quarter of a mile from James Tuck's public house. As he was passing, he saw four men , led by James Tuck, come running out the front door. There was a full moon that evening, and the moonlight ensured that there was no mistaking the identity of the landlord. Charles Thompson heard Tuck say "Damn his old eyes- he has gone round here. He has gone this way."
One of his companions, none of whom were known to Charles Thompson, replied " We will give him a good hiding, and will kick him." Charles watched as the four men went into a field next to the pub, then continued on his way home to Cock-Fosters.

The next morning, at a little after 5:15 a.m, servant Mary Holburn was awakened for the day's work by her master, James Tuck. At seven o'clock she went to the well in the field next to the pub in order to draw water, a task she completed every morning. She noticed that a piece of the wood forming a fence around the well had been broken, and that the water in the well seemed very "thick", but continued to dip the pail down through the well opening.
Mary then noticed a man's hat in the well, and realised that she could see part of a man's face. She fled back to the Bald-faced Stag, crying to James Tuck "Good gracious, Master, there is a man in the well!" James at the time was letting the chooks out of the henhouse, and his reaction , according to Mary, was "Good gracious, I suppose it is the poor old hostler."
Going to the well and observing that a man's body was indeed down there- strangely enough in an erect position as though it was leaning against the pipe of the well- James Tuck went and found the Negro fighter, Samuel Robinson. Again according to Mary Holburn, James Tuck said to the fighter "Good gracious! Robinson, there is that poor old hostler in the well."
With assistance from Robinson and two of the other pugilists, Saunders and Crouch, the body of the drowned man was removed from the well and carried to the brew-house. It being ascertained that the identity of the corpse was not the hostler, but troublesome John Draper from the previous night, James Tuck sent for David Draper, John's younger brother.
David arrived with John Draper's son, David Draper, who was about 28 years old and a shoemaker . They asked James Tuck what had become of John's property that he was carrying the night before, and were told that the landlord had no idea what property John had been carrying, and that whatever had been on him was on him still.
David Draper and his Uncle searched John's body and found two pocketbooks, neither of which was the red pocketbook that had been freely shown off the during day and night previous. Both pocketbooks contained nothing but summonses and orders from the court. A purse was also found that contained only nine shillings and a halfpenny...there was absolutely no sign of the red pocketbook with its large roll of banknotes collected by John Draper on behalf of the Court of Requests.

As the news spread of John Draper's death, great excitement and interest was exhibited by the locals, and no doubt theories of how he had met his demise were flowing thick and fast. It was noted in an article printed in the London Times on August 14 that for the entire day after John's body was discovered down the well, the inn yard was thronged with people.

An inquest was summoned and gathered at the Bald-faced Stag to view the body in addition to the well in which John Draper had been found. The Coroner also called a great many witnesses to give testimony of the chain of events that had unfolded as John Draper had gone about his business the day and night before.
Local Enfield surgeon, Joseph Clarke, was called to examine the body of John Draper. On examining the head, Clarke found bruises about the face, on both cheeks and under the left ear, all appearing to have been made by a blow from a fist. During the examination James Tuck told the surgeon that John Draper had been fighting the night before with one or two men. This fact, combined with John having been found down the well, led Clarke to declare a verdict of accidental death. He stated that he had found no marks of violence that could have occasioned Draper's death.
This was ruling was accepted by the Coroner's Jury, and it seemed as though John Draper's death was a simple open and shut case of a drunk man falling down a well whilst stumbling past in the dark.
The article in The Times stated:
" The Coroner, in substance, observed, that although a great suspicion had arisen that the deceased had been robbed of property to a large amount, and had afterwards come to a violent death to screen that robbery; yet however just might be the grounds for the first of these imputations, the second was not so clear. The deceased was excessively intoxicated, and in his way to the yard,where his cart had been left, must necessarily have passed near to this well, which was unenclosed in the front, and into which he might have fallen by accident; and there was a difficulty in conceiving that he could have been forced into this well, unless he had been first violently deprived of all sensation, in which case some external marks of injury would have been visible. Looking at the situation of the place, and the dimensions of the well, there are difficulties either way, but the Jury would decide on the superior probability. Verdict: Accidental death."
Obviously, however, the missing pocketbook was ringing alarm bells for John's family. Just as two undertakers were about to place John's body in a coffin for burial at St. Andrews as specified in his will, his brother David and son David came forward and insisted to the Coroner that it be re-examined as they had found a violent bruise under the left ear, and some blood on John Draper's clothing.
Mr. Unwin, the Coroner, acted upon this information immediately, instructing Joseph Clarke the surgeon to "open and carefully examine" the body of the deceased, and to report to him the result of this second examination. He also told John Draper's brother and son that if any evidence of violence upon the body was found, he would engage the police magistrates for further investigation of the case.
It was August 13th when the Coroner requested Joseph Clarke to re-examine John Draper's body, four days after it had been pulled from the well. The state of the corpse was described by the surgeon as "putrid", so it must have been a particularly unpleasant task to carry out a post mortem upon it.
On the second examination, Clarke took more care to closely examine the bruises and marks on the face and neck, and this time came up with a different conclusion. In particular, he stated that the blows on John Draper's neck were "sufficient to have rendered the deceased insensible, more particularly so in the case of a man who was drunk."
Upon opening John Draper's skull, the surgeon found nothing to make him think that the cause of death had been from the blows. He made comment, though, that if John Draper had been found dead on the ground instead of in the well, he would have attributed his death to the blow on his neck.
A second surgeon had been called in to make his own judgement during the second examination. Fellow Enfield surgeon William Henry Holt agreed with Joseph Clarke's second judgement, feeling that the evidence of a blow under the ear was especially significant. He stated to the Coroner that he "had no doubt but that a man who had received such wounds would have been finished, and afterwards thrown into the well."
Charles Brown and William Reed, two senior police officers from Hatton Garden, had been sent to Enfield to investigate John Draper's death. The evidence from the second examination of the body, coupled with the missing red pocketbook and testimony given by Charles Johnson concerning James Tuck and the pugilists following John Draper out into the well field on the night of his death, was enough for the two officers to require the Coroner to hold a new inquest that day on the body.
The result of this inquest was that the accidental death verdict was thrown out, and James Tuck, landlord of the Bald-faced Stag, was taken into custody by Charles Brown and William Read and charged with the wilful murder of John Draper.

On Friday, August 16, 1816, the body of John Draper was finally laid to rest in St. Andrews Church yard, Enfield. The following Monday, August 19th, James Tuck appeared in court for the first hearing of his murder charge. The session lasted for four hours, after which Tuck was remanded in custody for further examination.
He was back in court three days later, and after the Magistrate had examined all of the evidence and witnesses, he informed Tuck that because the case was "so intricate and mysterious' it was his duty to research it even further. James Tuck was again remanded.

Baptisms of the daughters of John & Mary Draper.

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Above: Extracts from the parish records of St. Andrews, Enfield, showing the baptismal entries of two daughters born to John and Mary Draper- Anne in 1783 and Elizabeth in 1785. The baptism of their brother David has not been located at this point.

Burial of Mary Draper, St. Andrews, Enfield, 1791.

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Above: Extract from the burial register of St. Andrews, Enfield, for Mary Draper.

Marriages of John Draper.

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Above: What I believe to be the marriage records for John Draper and his two wives. The first was to Mary Hopgood of Enfield, and took place at the Church of St Marys, Whitechapel, in 1782.

The second in 1795 was to widow Frances Banks, who at about 46 was ten or so years older than John.

John Draper...the murder victim!!!

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I have dealt with my five-greats grandfather, David Draper, and his sister Elizabeth Draper Wager, so the time has finally come to share what I have discovered about their father, John Draper.

John was baptised on March 19, 1761, at All Saints, Edmonton, the son of Henry Draper and his wife Anne. His baptism entry from the All Saints parish register can be seen above.

Only one baptism can be located for a sibling of John's- that of brother Henry in 1758- but from wills and burial records we know that John had at least two more brothers ( David born c. 1763 and Thomas born c. 1771), and a sister named Priscilla.

I believe that the missing baptisms may be due to the family converting to Quakerism. Both Henry and Ann were buried in the Quaker burial ground at Winchmore Hill near Enfield, as were their children Thomas and Priscilla in 1774, and Henry's brothers David and Joseph.

Quakers did not practice baptism as part of their religious beliefs, although they kept excellent records of the births of children born into their congregations. Unfortunately, I have not had access to these birth records- hopefully it will not be long before online publication of these records is realised and the missing Draper children are found.

I think that Henry's and Ann's two eldest children being baptised in the local Enfield parish church indicates that they were still Anglican at this stage. John was baptised at All Saints in 1761, yet his brother David who was born about two years later is nowhere to be found.

I think that this pinpoints the conversion to the Quaker faith for my Draper family as being in the early 1760s. There was one Draper burial at Winchmore Hill in 1739- a ten year old child named Abraham Draper died of a fever. His age suggests that he may have been an elder brother of Henry Draper, who was born c. 1734.

There are no other Draper records related to Winchmore Hill until 1762, when amazingly there are a flurry of burials recorded:

Martha Draper of Enfield aged about 50 years. Died 7 February 1762, buried 10 February 1762. Neighbours report of a Fever.

Lidia Draper of Enfield aged about 50. Died 4 April 1762, buried 7 April 1762 . Neighbours report of a Dropsy.

Joseph Draper of Tottenham High Cross aged about 27 years. Died 6 April 1762, buried 9 April 1762 .Neighbours report of a consumption.

Jane Draper of Tottenham High Cross aged about 58 years. Died 26 April 1762 , buried 30 April 1762 . Neighbours report of a consumption.

John Draper of Enfield aged about 64. Died 12 September 1762 , buried 14 September 1762. Neighbours report of a Fever.

Henry Draper, father of John Draper, had various siblings that we have recognised from wills, but his birth or baptism has not been definitely located so we don't even know the name of his parents. Henry was born c. 1734, and the only baptism from the Ancestry com.au index of London, England, Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1538-1812 is the following:

Henry Draper married Jane Bowden, December 2, 1727, St. John the Baptist, Hillingdon. Their son Henry was baptised at the same church on June 20, 1735. I also found baptisms at the church for John baptised December 28, 1728; Thomas baptised May 8, 1730 and Sarah baptised March 24, 1731.

I think that Henry Draper, father of my John Draper, married Ann Eggleton at St. Andrews, Holborn, on January 30, 1757. On the same page was a marriage for a James Draper to Catherine Roberts, with Henry and Ann Draper as witnesses. (There are no children baptised at Holborn with parents James and Catherine Draper, but at St. Andrews, Enfield, in 1780, sisters named Catherine and Martha Draper, who were aged 13 and 11 years respectively, were baptised, and their parents noted as James and Catherine Draper.)

There is similarly no record of children being born at Holborn to Henry and Ann Draper, but there are children born to a couple of this name beginning in 1758 at Edmonton, which is an area in the east of the London Borough of Enfield. This first child born in 1758 was Henry Draper, who was definitely the brother of my John Draper.

For now, though, I will stick with the known facts..that John Draper, father of David and Elizabeth, was baptised on February 19, 1761, at All Saints, Edmonton, and was the son of Henry and Ann Draper.

His elder brother, Henry Draper, was baptised in June 1758. Two children, Thomas and Priscilla Draper, were buried at Winchmore Hill Burial Ground on June 26, 1774, having both died the previous day of small pox, aged about five years. It was noted in the burial register for Winchmore Hill that they were the son and daughter of Henry Draper of Enfield.

Henry Draper the Younger(brother of my John) wrote a will in 1835 in which he made mention of various nieces and nephews, as well as "my brother David Draper" and "my late brother John Draper deceased".

When looking for the name of John Draper's first wife, we have to assume that the marriage took place in the early 1780s, when John was aged 19 or 20. His daughter Elizabeth was born in 1785, and there is a record of a child Anne Draper being born in Enfield in 1783 to John and Mary Draper so the marriage would have occurred in the year or two prior to this.

There is one standout record when one searches within the forementioned parameters:

At Whitechapel St. Mary, Tower Hamlets, 1782:

John Draper, bachelor, of this parish, and Mary Hopgood, spinster, of the parish of Endfield (sic: Enfield) in the County of Middlesex, were married in this church by license on July 16, 1782, by me, Edwin Robson, Curate. Witnesses: John Esam, Sarah Taylor. (John Esam was the clerk of the parish)

This marriage date fits in beautifully with the baptism of Anne Draper, daughter of John and Mary Draper of Enfield, on May 19, 1783....some ten months after said marriage occurred.

Elizabeth Draper, their second daughter, was baptised on the 23 Apr 1785, also at St. Andrews, Enfield. Two or three years then passed before the arrival of their son, David Draper, in c. 1787-88.

John Draper's wife Mary died some time between David's birth in c. 1787-88 and 1795, when he was married for the second time. There are only two burials for a Mary Draper in the Borough of Enfield for this eight year period- one at St. Andrews, Enfield, in 1791, and one at All Saints, Edmonton, in 1795. No ages were given for either Mary Draper, but the former would have to be the favourite contender for the wife of John Draper. When he wrote his will in 1811, John Draper stated that he was "of the parish of Enfield", and then specified "I desire my body to be decently interred in the church yard of this parish as near to my former wife as possible". Whilst Edmonton was in the Borough of Enfield, it was St Andrews that was the parish church.

Because I can't find any marriage for Anne Draper who was born in 1783, I believe that she was the Anne Draper who was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on 21 Apr 1787, no age given. There was also no mention of her in John Draper's 1811 will in which his only named children were David and Elizabeth.

This means that when Mary Draper passed away in 1791, she left a six year old daughter, Elizabeth, and a 3 or 4 year old son, David. It was four years before John remarried, giving his children a stepmother. On November 10, 1795, at St Andrews, Enfield, widower John Draper married widow Frances Banks. Frances had been born c. 1750 (using her age at death as a guide), and so was aged about 45 when she married John, making her at least ten years older than her second husband.

John earned his living as a wheelwright at Enfield for many years. There are indications that he got himself into financial troubles, and in later years accepted the position of an officer with the Court of Requests, Enfield. He also took to drinking, and it was the combination of these two things that led to his downfall on the night of August 8, 1816.

It is the method by which John Draper met his end that makes him one of my most exciting and interesting ancestors, for he was murdered, found down the well at the Bald Faced Stag Inn at Enfield!

Once I had discovered this staggering fact, it was easy to piece together the events surrounding the murder, as many newspapers of the time covered the subsequent enquiry and trial. Very recently I have also been delighted to discover that John Draper's murder featured in an intriguing-sounding book called "Middlesex Murders" by Linda Strattman. I have ordered this book from the U.K and am expecting it in the mail any day now, which will certainly curtail my blogging as I become immersed in its pages.

Before I launch into the saga of John Draper's death, complete with newspaper reports and transcripts of the Old Baily trial, I will pause here to add some parish records concerning John and his family.

Burial record of Thomas Wager, husband of Elizabeth Draper

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Above: Burial record from St. Andrews Parish, Enfield, showing the entry for the burial of Thomas Wager, Elizabeth Draper's husband.

Baptisms of the children of Thomas Wager & Elizabeth Draper

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Above: Records from St. Andrews, Enfield, parish registers, showing the baptisms of the Wager children, in order from youngest (Ann at the top) to the eldest( Mary Ann at the bottom.)

Elizabeth Draper's baptism, marriage & burial records.

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Elizabeth Draper Wager, sister of David Draper.

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The only sibling of David Draper's that I am absolutely certain of is his sister Elizabeth Draper. In the will of their father, John Draper, only two children are named- David Draper and Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Wager. This does not mean, of course, that other children were not born to John and his wife- just that most likely only David and Elizabeth were alive in 1811 at the time that the will was written.
From the burial register of St. Andrews, Enfield, we know that Elizabeth Wager was 32 years old when she died in 1817. This places her year of birth as c. 1785.
When looking for baptisms of Elizabeth Drapers around this time with father John Draper, we come across a perfect fit....

Elizabeth Draper, baptised April 23, 1785, St. Andrews, Enfield, daughter of John and Mary Draper.

The only other child baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield, to John and Mary Draper was another daughter, Anne, who was baptised on May 17, 1783. I searched through every page of the St. Andrews baptismal register for a twenty year period, and could not locate any further children born to this couple, most particularly no David Draper was found.
An Anne Draper was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on April 21, 1787, but no age was given, so we can't know if she was the child of John and Mary.

As far as we know, David Draper was born to John and Mary Draper in c. 1787-88, at Enfield. We also know that his father John had been widowed by November 1795, as this is when he remarried widow Frances Banks.
There was only one Mary Draper buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, in the period 1787 to 1795...she was buried on 31 Aug 1791, no age given. We know that John Draper's wife was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, because in his will he requests to "be interred in the church yard of this parish as near to my former wife as possible."
Elizabeth and David would have been aged only six and four or five respectively if this Mary Draper was their mother, and were aged about ten and eight when their father remarried.

Elizabeth Draper married wheelwright Thomas Wager at the church at Monken Hadley on August 12, 1804, aged 19 years. Thomas had been born c. 1782, so he was about 22 years old when he married Elizabeth.

The couple lived at Chase Side, Enfield, and their five children were all born in Enfield and baptised at the Draper family church, St. Andrews. Three daughters and two sons were born between 1806 and 1817:-

MARY ANN WAGER: born June 21, 1806.
CHARLOTTE WAGER: baptised November 16, 1808.
JOHN WAGER: baptised August 16, 1811.
THOMAS WAGER: baptised June 13, 1813.
ANNE WAGER: baptised April 14, 1816.

A year after the birth of daughter Anne, Elizabeth Draper Wager died, aged only 32 years. She was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on July 25, 1817.

Thomas Wager was left to raise five children aged between 11 and 1, yet I can find no record of him remarrying after his first wife's death, which is what the majority of men in his situation would have done.

Thomas Wager, widower, died in 1829, aged 47 years. He was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on December 27, 1829.

Burial records of David Draper, 1867.

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Above: Top shows the entry from the National Probate Index concerning David Draper's will. A mistake has been made in the naming of his younger son- it was, of course, 'David' and not 'Daniel'. I will be sending away from a copy of this will, out of sheer curiosity to see if he left his daughter, Jane Sanders, or members of her family, any bequests.

The bottom image is from the parish register of St. Andrews, Enfield, showing that David Draper was buried there on December 2, 1867.

Burial records of Jane Draper, wife of David.

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Above: The parish register for St. Andrews, Enfield, showing the two entries for the burial of Jane Draper, wife of David and mother of Jane Draper Sanders, Henry and David Draper.

David Draper in the census returns of 1841, 1851 & 1861.

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Above: The family of David Draper in the 1841 census, showing his wife Jane and two sons Henry and David. His only daughter, Jane Draper, had already married Edward Sanders and was living with him and their children nearby.

Above: The Draper family by 1851 had been depleted by the death of their wife and mother, Jane Draper, of chronic bronchitis, in 185o.

Above: David Draper's last appearance in a census return. In 1861 he was living alone, his sons having moved on. David had died by the next census, having succumbed to old age and passing away in 1867.

David Draper, cordwainer of Enfield.

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I have been looking for the baptism of my David Draper for many years now, all to no avail. I believe I have located the baptism of his sister Elizabeth, and possibly a sister Ann, but David himself continues to allude me.
According to census returns from 1741 , 1851 and 1861, David Draper was born in Enfield in c. 1787-88. His father was definitely named John Draper, and his mother I believe was Mary, although again I cannot find a definite marriage. I wonder if it is because John Draper's family were Quakers, and despite Quaker records being progressively released online, it is still the burial records rather than marriages or births that are accessible. John himself turned away from Quakerism at some stage...he most certainly was not a Quaker at the time of his death in 1816.
It has been family wills that have helped me enormously when trying to sort out the Draper family at David's generation. In particular, his uncle, Henry Draper, left a very detailed will at his death in 1837, which named numerous nephews and nieces.
I will deal with this will in fuller detail later, but very basically the people mentioned were:

"My mother Ann Draper"
"Nephews Henry and James Draper, sons of my brother David Draper, and nephew David Draper, son of my late brother John Draper"
"My niece Ann Garrett"
"My niece Sarah Jelly wife of Joseph Jelly of Enfield, baker"
" My nephews Joseph and Thomas Draper, children of my brother David."
"Mary, Charlotte and Ann, the three daughters of my late niece Elizabeth Wager".
"My cousin Martha Plume"
" My niece Priscilla Harris otherwise Priscilla Footman".

I will deal with what I know to be definite in this blog entry...that is that David Draper was born in c. 1787-88 at Enfield, and that he had at least one sibling, a sister named Elizabeth who was born c. 1785. His father was most definitely John Draper, who had lost his first wife by 1795, when he remarried a widow named Frances Banks.

Children born to David and Jane Draper

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Above: Baptismal record of Jane Draper, the first child and only daughter born to David and Jane Draper. She was baptised at All Saints, Edmonton.

Above: The second child and first son born to David and Jane Draper was Henry Draper. He was baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield. As can be seen in the parish entry above, on the same day his cousin Thomas Wager was baptised. Thomas's mother, Elizabeth Wager, was born Elizabeth Draper, and was the only sibling of David Draper.

Above: The third and final child born to David and Jane Draper was a son named after his father.

David Draper & Jane Catling, parents of my Jane Draper

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My five-greats grandparents on the Draper side were David Draper and his wife Jane.

The sole candidates I can find for this couple are David Draper and Jane Catling who were married at Old Church, St. Pancras, on December 31, 1809. I have not been able to view the actual parish register entry of this marriage, and the only record of it I can find comes from the IGI. The dates fit in well, because the first child of my David and Jane Draper was born in November 1810.

The prime candidate for the Jane Catling who married David Draper is Jane Catling, a native of the Docklands area of London. She was born in Pearl Street, Spitalfields, on April 5, 1787, the daughter of hostler Thomas Catling and his wife Sarah. Jane was baptised at the age of 24 days, on April 29, 1787, at Christ Church, Spitalfields.
I can locate two siblings for Jane:

Sarah Catling: baptised June 14, 1789, at Christ Church, Spitalfields. Daughter of Thomas Catling, horse keeper, of Pearl Street, and Sarah.

Mary Ann Catling baptised April 17, 1791, aged 28 days, at Christ church, Spitalfields. Daughter of Thomas Catling, hostler, of Pearl Street, and Sarah.

I can locate no other references to children being born to a couple named David and Jane Draper anywhere in the London records as supplied by Ancestry.com.au, or the IGI.

My five-greats grandmother Jane Draper only appeared in one census return- unfortunately it was the 1841, which is not overly helpful. It shows her living at Chase Side Enfield with her shoemaker husband, David, and sons Henry and David. Jane's age was given as 55 and David's 50. Because ages were rounded down to the nearest zero or five in the 1841 census, this places Jane's year of birth was anywhere between c.1782 and c.1786.

When she died in 1850, Jane Draper's age was given as 68 years. This places her approximate year of birth as c. 1782, some five years earlier than that of Jane Catling's birth in 1787.

So is Jane Catling the Jane who married David Draper, shoemaker, and gave birth to my four-greats grandmother Jane Draper Sanders? Until I can view the original parish records of St Pancras, Old Church, I cannot be sure. As I have done before in this blog when I am not certain of an identification, all I can do is record the individual in question and wait until their place in my tree is proven or disputed.

Jane Draper, daughter of David & Mary Ann Draper.

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The baptism and burial entries from St. Andrews, Enfield, for Jane Draper, only child of David and Mary Ann Draper, and niece of my Jane Draper Sanders.

David Draper, brother of Jane Draper Sanders.

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David Draper was the third and last child born to David Draper, cordwainer/ shoemaker, and his wife Jane Catling. He was baptised on June 28, 1816, at St. Andrews, Enfield.

Not much has been discovered about David Draper. In the 1841 and 1851 census returns he can be found with his family in Enfield, and in the latter his occupation is given as 'grocer'. In a post office directory for that time there is:

"David Draper, grocer, Chase Side

Henry Draper, boot maker, Chase Side"

By the 1861 census, David has married and has a daughter:

Chase Side, Enfield

David Draper/head/ 44/ grocer/ born Enfield

Mary Draper/ wife/ 44/ born Clerkenwell

Jane Draper/ 2/ daughter/ born Enfield

John R. Magar/ nephew/7/ born St Clement Danes

As a matter of interest, four houses away lived Richard and Lydia Freeman. When Lydia died, Richard remarried, and his new wife was recently widowed Jane Draper Sanders, the sister of David Draper.

Jane Draper, the daughter of David and Mary Ann, had disappeared from the family by the time the 1871 census came around. Investigation shows that she died at the age of four years, in 1862. She was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on November 7, 1862.

Sadly, David and Mary Ann had no further children. In 1871 their household consisted of:

Enfield, Chase Side.

David Draper/ head/ 54/ retired grocer/ born Enfield

Mary A Draper/ wife/ 54/ born London.

1881: Alpha Cottages, Chase Side, Enfield.

David Draper/ head/ 64/ retired grocer/ born Enfield

Mary A Draper/ wife/ 64/ retired grocer's wife/ born Enfield

1891: Alpha Cottages, Enfield.

David Draper/ head/ 74/ living on own means/ born Enfield

Mary A Draper/ wife/ 74/ born Enfield

David Draper died on December 11, 1897, at Chase Side, Enfield, aged 85 years. Probate of his will was granted to John Strange Stribling, grocer, and his effects amounted to 57 pounds and 17 shillings.

David's wife Mary Ann Draper passed away on January 1, 1903. Probate of her will was also granted to John Strange Stribling, and amounted to 2,633 pounds 9 shillings and 4 pence.

In the 1901 census, two years before her death, Mary A. Draper was still living at Alpha Cottages, Chase Side. She was an 84 year old widow, born Clerkenwell. Living with her was an attendant, Ellen Budd.

Baptisms of the children of Henry Draper & Rebecca Savill

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Above: Entries from the baptism registers of St. Andrews, Enfield, showing the baptisms of the three children of Henry Draper and his wife Rebecca Savill.

Marriage of Henry Draper & Rebecca Savill

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Jane Draper's Siblings- 1. Henry Draper.

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As can be seen above from the baptismal entry from the parish records of St. Andrews, Enfield, Henry Draper, the elder of Jane Draper's two brothers, was born at Chase Side, Enfield, on June 16, 1813.

Like his father David Draper, Henry became a cordwainer/ shoemaker. He married very late in life, at the age of 52. Up until that point, we can follow him through the census returns:

1841: Chase Side, Enfield

David Draper/ 50/ shoemaker/ born in county

Jane Draper/ 55/ Y

Henry Draper/ 25/ Y

David Draper/ 20/ Y

1851: Chase Side, Enfield.

David Draper/ head/ widower/ 63/ retired shoemaker/ born Enfield

Henry Draper/ son/ unmarried/ 37/ cordwainer/ born Enfield

David Draper/ son/ nor married/ 34/ grocer/ born Enfield

1861: Horse Shoe Lane, Enfield.

Henry Draper/ head/ unmarried/ 47/ shoemaker master/ born Enfield.

On February 21, 1866, at St. Leonard Shoreditch, Henry Draper was finally married:-

Henry Draper/ 52 years of age/ bachelor/ cordwainer/ living 25 Hacking Rd/ son of David Draper, cordwainer MARRIED Rebecca Savill/ 40/ spinster/ servant/ living Prospect Place/ daughter of Alexander Savill, cow keeper. Witnesses: John Savill; Mary Ann Partridge

Rebecca was the daughter of Alexander Savill and Sarah Perry. She had been born in Edmonton, but in the 1840s her family relocated to Chase Green, Enfield, where her father became a milk man.

Rebecca was heavily pregnant when she married Henry Draper, her daughter being born the month after their wedding.

Sarah Jane Draper(often referred to as 'Jane') was born on March 26, 1866. She was baptised on March 26, 1869, at St. Andrews, Enfield. On the same day her sister Louisa was baptised. She had been born on June 11, 1867.

One more child was born to Henry and Rebecca. Their only son, David Henry Draper, was born on April 5, 1873. He was baptised on May 4, 1873, at St. Andrews, Enfield. At the time of his birth, his mother Rebecca was aged 46 and his father Henry was 60.

1871 Census: Chase Side, Enfield.

Henry Draper/ head/ 57/ boot and shoe maker/ born Enfield

Rebecca Draper/ wife/ 45/ born Edmonton

Sarah Draper/ daughter/ 5/ born Enfield

Louisa Draper/ daughter/ 2/ born Enfield.

Two houses down in this census lived Henry Draper's brother David Draper, a grocer, and his wife Mary Ann.

1881 Census: Riverdale Villa, Enfield.

Henry Draper/ head/ 67/ boot and shoe maker/ born Enfield

Rebecca Draper/ wife/ 54/ boot and shoe maker's wife/ born Edmonton

Jane Draper/ daughter/ 15/ scholar/ born Enfield

Louisa Draper/ daughter/ 13/ scholar/ born Enfield

David Draper/ son/ 7/ scholar/ born Enfield

In 1891, Henry was still working as a bootmaker...

Rivers Dale, Enfield.

Henry Draper/ head/ 77/ bootmaker/ born Enfield

Rebecca Draper/ wife/ 66/ born Enfield

Jane Draper/ daughter/ single/ 25/ born Enfield

Louisa Draper/ daughter/ 23/ single/ born Enfield

David Draper/ son/ 18/ single/ assist. bootmaker/ born Enfield

Maud Whetridge/ niece/ 10/ scholar/ born Islington

Four houses away in this census lived the family of Edward Sanders, Henry Draper's nephew. The son of Henry's only sister Jane, Edward was also a bootmaker.

In 1901, Henry and Rebecca were living at River Side, Chase Side, Enfield. Their spinster daughters Jane and Louisa were still living with their parents, but son David had married and was living nearby with his wife and young son Henry.

Henry Draper/ head/ 89/ retired bootmaker/ born Enfield

Rebecca Draper/ wife/ 77/ born Enfield

Jane Draper/ daughter/ single/ 35/ born Enfield

Louisa Draper/ daughter/ single/ 33/ born Enfield

Susanna Law/ boarder/ single/ 77/ born Enfield.

Horse Shoe Lane, Chase Side.

David H. Draper/head/ married/ 27/ bootmaker/ born Enfield

Elizabeth Draper/ wife/ 28/ born Ramsgate, Kent

Henry Draper/ son/ 3/ born Enfield.

David Henry Draper's wife was Elizabeth Charlotte Wood, and they had married in 1896.

Rebecca Savill Draper died at Enfield in 1903, aged 76 years. Her husband, Henry Draper, lived for another three years. He died in 1906, aged 93 years.

In the 1911 census, I cannot locate Sarah Jane and Louisa Draper, but I did find the family of their brother, David Henry:

1911: 3 Chase Green Avenue, Enfield.

David Henry Draper/ head/ 37/ been married for 14 years/ five children born alive; three still living; two died/ bootmaker/ employer/ born Enfield

Elizabeth Draper/ wife/ 37/ born Enfield

Henry Thomas David Draper/ son/ 13/ school/ born Enfield

Violet Frances Draper/ daughter/ 9/ born Enfield

Lilian Louisa Draper/ daughter/ 4/ born Enfield.

Marriages of Jane Draper

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Above: The records of Jane Draper's two marriages- the first to Edward Sanders in 1827, and the second to Richard Freeman in 1863.

At Last...The Draper Story-murder and Quakers!

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Now that I have completed the Sanders part of my story as far as I can for the time being, my attention can turn towards the Draper branches of the family tree. Everything begins with Jane Draper, my great-great-great-great grandmother. It was she who married Edward Sanders to produce Jane Sanders, the daughter who emigrated to Victoria in 1849 and married John Everard to become my three-greats grandmother.

For several years I had been sure that the Jane Draper who married Edward Sanders in 1827 was the daughter of shoemaker/cordwainer David Draper. I could find the baptisms of two brothers, David and Henry, but could not locate a baptism for Jane Draper anywhere. Then, several months ago, Ancestry.com.au acquired the wonderful London series of parish records, and BINGO!! There was my Jane Draper, the daughter of shoemaker David just as I had known but not proven.

The baptism record above shows that Jane Draper was baptised on December 16, 1810, at All Saints, Edmonton. She was born on November 17, 1810, the daughter of David Draper, a shoemaker, and his wife Jane

She was the first child born to David Draper and Jane Catling after their marriage the previous year..they were married on December 31, 1809, Old Church St. Pancras, London. I can find only two siblings for Jane...Henry born in 1813, and David born in 1816..( At least, I believe that Jane Draper's mother was Jane Catling...there are no other marriages of a David Draper to a Jane in the correct period, but until solid proof, this must be purely speculative for now)

Jane Draper was 26 years old when she married shoemaker Edward Sanders on April 9, 1827, at Tottenham. With Edward she had a family of five daughters and three sons:

Thomas Sanders baptised April 7, 1828.

Jane Sanders baptised April 7, 1830.

Henry Sanders baptised September 30, 1832.

Susan Sanders baptised October 2, 1835

Elizabeth Sanders baptised July 18, 1841

Emma Sanders baptised August 27, 1843

Sarah Sanders baptised December 5, 1847

Edward Sanders baptised February 17, 1850

All of these children were baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield.

I have dealt with the family of Jane Draper and Edward Sanders earlier in the Sanders part of my blog, so I will not record it again here. The exact page for the start of their story is:

http://drapersandsanders.blogspot.com/2010/10/sanders-family-of-chase-side-enfield.html

In summary, Edward Sanders died in February 1863, aged 57 years. He was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield. His widow Jane married again eight months later...

On October 13, 1863, Richard Freeman, full age, widower; Gentleman; of John Street, son of John Freeman(deceased), gentleman; MARRIED Jane Sanders, full age; widow; same address; daughter of David Draper, gentleman. Witnesses: William Houlton (Jane's son-in-law) and Mary Ann Draper.

Richard Freeman's wife Lydia had died in 1861.

The 1871 census reveals that Jane Draper had left her native Middlesex and was living in Bedfordshire...there at Inkerman Street,Luton, Bedfordshire, were 60 year old Jane Freeman of Enfield and her 73 year old husband, Richard Freeman, a retired farmer who was a native of Baldock, Hertfordshire.

The marriage of Richard Freeman and Jane Draper Sanders lasted for almost nine years. Richard died on July 3, 1872, in Luton. Probate of Richard's will was granted to his son from his first marriage, John Freeman, of Hitchin in Hertfordshire.His effects were noted as being under 450 pounds.

After the death of her second husband, Jane returned to Chase Side, Enfield where she resided next to the family of her son, Edward Sanders. The 1881 census shows the following:

Chase Side:

Jane Freeman/ head/ widow/ 70/ house property/ born Edmonton

Next House:

Edward Saunders/ head/marr/ 31/ boot maker/ born Enfield

Elizabeth Saunders/ 32/ bootmaker's wife/ born Edmonton

Jane / daughter/ 11/ scholar/ born Enfield

Thomas/ son/ 8/ scholar/ born Enfield

Alfred/ son/ 5/ scholar/ born Enfield

Ann/ daughter/ 3/ born Enfield

Frederick/ son/ 9 months/ born Enfield

By 1891, Jane was living with the family of her daughter, Susan Sharpe, at Kennington, Lambeth. Susan had been widowed by the death of her first husband William Houlton some time after the 1881 census, and had remarried Alfred Thomas Sharpe, a widower bricklayer. Jane was recorded as "Jane Freeman/ mother-in-law/ widow/ 80/ living on own means/ born Enfield."

Jane Draper Sanders Freeman died at Kennington, Lambeth, in June 1892, and was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on June 29, 1892. Her age was recorded in the burial register as being 80 years, but being born in 1810, she was actually 81.

Letitia Sanders, daughter of William and Mary Sanders

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Despite in-depth and very frustrating research into Letitia Sanders, the daughter of William and Mary Sanders, up until today I knew absolutely nothing about her beyond the fact that she existed according to the will of her father William Sanders, written in 1819.

There is no baptism record for a Letitia Sanders or Saunders. The closest is a record for a child named Alicia Sanders, the daughter of William and Mary Sanders, who was baptised on December 19, 1800, at St. Andrews, Enfield. The two names 'Letitia' and 'Alicia' are very similar phonetically, and both are used by Sanders siblings in naming their children.

I could find no death for her post-1819, and no marriage. Then, this evening, I found a note I had made for a marriage of Letticia Saunders to Robert Dickinson at St. Luke's, Finsbury, in January 1823, and decided to research this couple in greater detail.

What I discovered has made me certain that this 'Letticia' Saunders is definitely my Letitia Sanders, the sister of my Edward Sanders and daughter of William and Mary.

Although Robert Dickinson married Letticia Saunders at St Luke's, Finsbury, the couple were natives of the parish of Enfield, and after their marriage were found to live at Enfield for all of their lives. Letitia was about six months pregnant when she married Robert- perhaps this is why she was not married in her family church of St Andrews, Enfield.

First child Letitia Dickinson was baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield, on March 9, 1823, the daughter of Robert Dickinson, horse dealer of Chase Side, Enfield, and Alicia (the name 'Letitia was written and then crossed out).

Going through parish records concerning Letitia and her family, I noticed that Letitia often went by the name of Alicia. She was 'Alicia' in the census returns of 1841, 51 and 1861, but 'Letiticia' in the census of 1871. Her death was recorded as 'Letitia Dickinson'- there is to me no doubt that the 'Alicia' who was baptised in 1800 is the 'Letitia' who was named in her father's will.

Letitia's husband, Robert Dickinson, was a dealer in horses and cattle. The family residence was described in 1823 as being 'Chase Side'; in 1832 'Clayhill'; and from 1833 'Forty Hill', all in Enfield.

Children born to Letitia and Robert Dickinson were as follows:

Letitia Dickinson: baptised March 29, 1823, St. Andrews, Enfield.

Ann Dickinson: baptised March 4, 1832, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of Robert Dickinson, Clayhill, a labourer, and Alicia.

Robert Dickinson: baptised May 26, 1833, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of Robert Dickinson, Forty Hill, a dealer, and Alicia.

William Dickinson: baptised November 10, 1839, Jesus Chapel, Enfield. Son of Robert Dickinson, Forty Hill, cattle dealer, and Alicia.

The 1841 census finds the Dickinson family living in Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield:

Robert Dickinson/ 41/ cattle dealer/ born in county
Alicia Dickinson/ 40/ Y
Alicia Dickinson/ 18/ Y
Ann Dickinson/9/ Y
Robert Dickinson/ 8/ Y
William Dickinson/ 1 1/2 / Y

In October of 1844, at the age of 44 years, Robert Dickinson, husband of Letitia Sanders, died. He was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on October 30, 1844.

Despite having young children to raise, Letitia Sanders Dickinson did not remarry. She earned a living as a laundress, as can be seen as we follow her through the census returns from 1851 to 1871:

1851: Forty Hill, Enfield.
Alicia Dickinson/ head/ widow/ 50/ laundress/ born Enfield
Ann Dickinson/ daughter/ 19/ laundress/ born Enfield
Robert Dickinson/ son/ 17/ labourer/ born Enfield

1861: Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield.
Alicia Dickinson/ head/ widow/ 60/ no occupation given/ born Enfield
William Dickinson/ son/ unmarried/ 21/ domestic coachman/ born Enfield

1871: Chase Side, Enfield
Leticia Dickinson/ head/ widow/ 70/ formerly laundress/ born Enfield

Letitia/Alicia Sanders Dickinson died in 1880, aged 79 years.

Of her children, all four married:

Alicia Dickinson married John Balaam on February 2, 1845, at St. Johns, Bethnal Green. She was stated as being a full aged spinster, residing at 12 Queen Street, father Robert Dickinson, cattle dealer. Her husband John was a black smith, the son of another John Balaam, blacksmith, and his wife Mary.
The couple had only one child- a son named John Balaam who was born at Enfield. He was baptised at Jesus Chapel, Enfield, on April 26, 1846, the son of John Balaam, smith, of Forty Hill and Alicia.
John Balaam was the son of blacksmith and farrier John Balaam and his wife Mary Smith, who had married at St. Martin In The Fields in 1821. John's siblings were Isabella, born 1824; and Edward born 1827. John Balaam the Elder, husband of Mary Smith, had been born at Edmonton on December 27, 1793, the son of yet another John Balaam and his wife Isabella.(Isabella Balaam died in March 1840, aged 71 years)

John Balaam, husband of Alicia, died in May of 1848. He was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on May 16, 1848, aged 26 years. I can't find any trace of Alicia Balaam under any spelling-she seems to have just disappeared. I presume that she died, because her father-in-law, John Balaam and his second wife Benedicta, took in baby John Balaam and raised him.
John Balaam the Elder lost his wife Mary in June of 1844, aged 49 years. In 1846, at All Hallows, Tottenham, widower John Balaam married Benedicta Drowley of New Romany, Kent, the daughter of carpenter Thomas Drowley.
The 1851 census shows them living in Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield, a few houses away from Alicia Sanders Dickinson and her children Ann and Robert. Youngest child William Dickinson is missing from his mother's household, but I think he was staying the night with the Balaam family...

1851: Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield.
John Balaam/ head/ married/ 7/ white smith/ born Enfield
Benedicta Balaam/wife/ 43/ born Romney, Kent
John Balaam/ grandson/ 5/ scholar / born Enfield
William Dickinson/ visitor/ 4/ scholar/ born Enfield.

William was in fact 12, not 4, but I am sure that it is him...there are no William Dickinsons born Enfield c. 1847, and just houses away William Dickinson is missing from his own home. And, the two houses were related by marriage.

In 1861, the Balaams are still living just houses away from Alicia Sanders Dickinson:
Goat Hill, Enfield.
John Balaam/ head/ married/ 67/ blacksmith/ born Enfield
Elizabeth Balaam/ wife/ 53/ born Romney, Kent (MISTAKE: should have been 'Benedicta' not 'Elizabeth')
John Balaam/ grandson/ 15/ machinist lad/ born Enfield

John Balaam the Elder died in 1868. He was buried at St Andrews, Enfield, on January 12, 1868, aged 74 years. The 1871 census showed that John his grandson was still living with Benedicta Balaam:
Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield.
Benedicta Balaam/ head/ widow/ 63/ laundress/ born New Romney, Kent
John Balaam/ grandson/ unmarried/ 25/ machinist/ born Enfield
Eliza Bushel/niece/ 14/ scholar/ born Dover, Kent

In 1881, Benedicta Balaam was still in Goat Road,Forty Hill, although there was no sign of John: a quick look at Free BMD reveals that he in fact died in 1874, aged 28.
1881 census: Goat Rd, Forty Hill
Benedicta Balaam/ head/ widow/ 74/ laundress/ born New Romney, Kent
John Millard/boarder/ 24/ brick maker/ born Newport, Middlesex.

Benedicta Balaam died in 1884, aged 78 years.

Moving on to the second child of Letitia Sanders and Robert Dickinson...Ann Dickinson. She married coach painter George Edwards at St. Luke, Finsbury, on May 24, 1856. Details in the parish register were as follows:

George Edwards/ full age/ bachelor/ coach painter/ residing 15 Cowper Street/ son of William Edwards, brick layer MARRIED Ann Dickinson/ full age/ spinster/ residing 15 Cowper Street/ daughter of Robert Dickinson, horse dealer. Witnesses: James & Elizabeth Tidy.

Like her sister Letitia, despite marrying at St. Lukes Finsbury, Ann Dickinson lived and raised her family in Enfield parish. Her children with George Edwards were as follows:

Annie Elizabeth: baptised 20 September, 1857, Enfield. Father George Edwards, coach painter, of Enfield, mother Ann. Buried St Andrew, Enfield, August 10, 1862, aged 5 years.

Alicia Sarah: baptised December 12, 1858, Enfield. Parents George Edwards, coach painter, Enfield, and Ann.

Alice Jane: baptised April 8, 1860, Enfield. Born March 8, 1860. Parents George Edwards, coach painter, and Ann.

George William: baptised July 14, 1862, Enfield. Born July 14, 1862. Parents George Edwards, coach painter, and Ann.

Annie Elizabeth: baptised January 24, 1864. Born December 25, 1863, Enfield. Parents George Edwards, coach painter, and Ann.

Emily: born July 11, 1866, Enfield. Baptised 26 August, 1866. Parents George Edwards, coach builder, and Ann.

Eleanor Edwards: born September 4, 1869. Baptised October 31, 1869, Enfield. Father George Edwards, coach painter, and Ann.

Albert born January 19, 1872, Enfield. Baptised June 8, 1872. Parents George Edwards, coach painter, and Ann.

1861 Census: High Street, Enfield.
George Edwards/ head/ married/ coach painter/builder/ born Enfield
Ann Edwards/ wife/ 29/ born Enfield
Annie E/ daughter/ 3/ born Enfield
Alicia/ 2/ daughter/ born Enfield
Alice/ 1/ daughter/ born Enfield
Emma Lingwell/ niece/ 10/ scholar/b Enfield

1871: Parsonage Lane, Enfield.
George Edwards/ head/ marr/ 40/ coach painter/ born Enfield
Ann Edwards/ wife/ 39/ coach painter's wife/ born Enfield
Alicia/ daughter/ 12/ scholar/ born Enfield
Alice / daughter/11/ scholar/ born Enfield
George W / son/ 8/ scholar/ born Enfield
Annie E / daughter/ 7/ scholar/ born Enfield
Emily/ daughter/ 4/ born Enfield
Eleanor/ daughter/ 1/ born Enfield

1881: Chase Side, Enfield.
Ann Edwards/ head/ widow/ 49/ laundress/ born Enfield
Alicia Edwards/ daughter/22/ laundress/ born Enfield
Alice Edwards/ daughter/ 21/ pupil teacher/ born Enfield
George W/ son/ 18/ railway booking clerk/ born Enfield
Emily/ daughter/ 14/ scholar/ born Enfield
Eleanor/ 11/ scholar/ born Enfield.

The 1881 census shows that Ann Dickinson Edwards was widowed in the decade between 1871 and 1881.

1891: Enfield
Ann Edwards/ head/ widow/ 59/ laundress/ born Enfield
George W/ son/ single/ 28/ railway clerk/ born Enfield
Emily/ daughter/ single/ 24/ dressmaker/ born Enfield
Eleanor/ daughter/ 21/ single/ laundress/ born Enfield

1901: Nursery Villa, Garden Hill, Enfield
William Brooks/ head/ 37/ carpenter/joiner/
Alice J/ wife/ 41/ born Enfield
Daisey E. A / daughter/ 10/ born Enfield
William/ son/ 5/ born Enfield
Ann Edwards/ mother-in-law/ widow/ born Enfield
Emily Edwards/ sister-in-law/ 34/ book keeper/ born Enfield

There is no sign of Ann Dickinson Edwards in the 1911 census, so she presumably died between 1901 and 1911. Three of her spinster daughters were located living together in Enfield:
Annie Elizabeth Edwards/head/single/47/ housekeeper at home/ born Enfield
Emily Edwards/sister/single/ 44/ cashier at a fishmongers/ born Enfield
Eleanor Edwards/ sister/ 41/ single/ dressmaker at home/ born Enfield.

That takes care of the brief summaries of Letitia Sanders' daughters, Letitia and Ann Dickinson. Now for her two sons, Robert and William. First cab off the rank: Robert Dickinson.

Robert Dickinson married Emma Eley on July 23, 1853, at Jesus Chapel, Enfield. The parish register stated:
Robert Dickinson/ 20/ bachelor/ labourer/ in this district/ son of Robert Dickinson, horse dealer
MARRIED Emma Eley/ 19 / spinster / in this district/ daughter of William Eley, labourer.

1861 Census: Parsonage Lane, Enfield.
Robert Dickinson/ head/ 27/ gardener/ born Enfield
Emma/ wife/ 25/ born Enfield
Emma/ daughter/ 7/ born Enfield
Robert/ son/ 6/ born Enfield
Mary/ daughter/ 1/ born Enfield

1871: Windmill Hill, Enfield
Robert Dickinson/ head/ 36/ gardener/ born Enfield
Emma/ wife/ 40/ born Enfield
Emma/ daughter/ 17/ born Enfield
Robert/ son/ 14/ scholar/ born Enfield
Mary Ann/daughter/ 9/ scholar/ born Enfield
Letitia/ daughter/ 7/ daughter/ scholar/ born Enfield
William/ son/ 5/ scholar/ born Enfield
Emily/ daughter/ 4/ born Enfield
Henry/son/1/ born Enfield

1881 census: Enfield, Parsonage Lane.
Robert Dickinson/ head/ 47/ gardener/ born Enfield
Emma / wife/ 47/ gardener's wife/ born Enfield
Emily/ daughter/ 13/ scholar/ born Enfield
Henry/ son/ 10/ scholar/ born Enfield
Alice/ daughter/ 8/ scholar/ born Enfield
Albert/ son/ 5/ scholar/ born Enfield

1901 Census: Parsonage Lane, Enfield.
Robert Dickinson/ head/ 53/ gardener/ born Enfield
Emma/ wife/ 52/ washerwoman/ born Enfield
Rose/ daughter/ 17/ housemaid domestic service/ born Enfield
Albert/ son/ 16/ gardener's boy/ born Enfield
Harry/ visitor/ 5/ scholar/ born Edmonton

Now for the second of Letitia's sons, William Dickinson...

William Dickinson married Emily Bray at Marylebone on May 19, 1861:

William Dickinson/ full age/ bachelor/ coach man/ residing St. Marylebone/ son of Robert Dickinson, horse dealer MARRIED Emily Bray/ full age/ spinster/ of St. Marylebone/ daughter of William Bray, butler.

William and Emily had a childless marriage, but their niece, Emily Merrick, came to live with them and remained for many years.

1871 Census:Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield
William Dickinson/ head/ married/ 31/ gardener/domestic servant/ born Enfield
Emily Dickinson/ wife/ 30/ laundress/ born Marylebone

1881 census: Goat Lane, Forty Hill, Enfield
William Dickinson/ head/ married/ 41/ coachman-domestic servant/ born Enfield
Emily / wife/ 41/ born London
Emily Merrick/ niece/ 11/ scholar/born LOndon

1891: Enfield
William Dickinson/ head/ 51/ gardener/ born Enfield
Emily / wife/ 50/ born London
Emily Merrick/ boarder/ single/ 20/ born London
Charles E. Merrick/ boarder/ 2/ born Enfield

1901: Woodland Terrace, Enfield
William Dickinson/ head/ 61/ builder's labourer/ worker/ born Enfield
Emily / wife/ 60/ laundress/ own accord, at home/ born Marylebone
Emma Merrick/ niece/ single/ 30/ laundry maid/ worker, at home/ born Marylebone
Charles E Merrick/ boarder/ 12/ scholar/ born Enfield

1911: 43 Berkbick Road, Enfield
William Dickinson/ head/ 71/ married 49 years/ no children/ roadsman EVDC/ born Enfield
Emily/ wife/ 71/ born Marylebone.

Thus the family of the mysterious Letitia Sanders is completed...four children and eighteen grandchildren, and a life of 79 years spent in Enfield.

Susan/Susanna Sanders, daughter of William and Mary Sanders

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As with some of her siblings, there is more than one candidate for the baptism of Susan/Susanna Sanders. According to census returns, she was born c. 1798-1800. There are two children born to William and Mary Sanders in the late 1790s:
Susanna Sanders baptised St. Andrews, Enfield, July 28, 1799
Susan Sanders baptised St. Andrews, Enfield, November 6, 1796

In William Sanders' will, he refers to his daughter Susan Sanders, but that does not mean that she was baptised "Susan'...she could just have easily as been a 'Susanna' whose father shortened her name.

Susanna Sanders married Benjamin Warby, the brother-in-law of her sister Elizabeth, on January 8, 1821, at St. George Hanover Square. Benjamin's elder brother, George Warby, had married Elizabeth Sanders in 1819.

George and Benjamin were both brick makers in the 1820s, before George became a publican in Norwood.
Susan Sanders and Benjamin Warby had the following children:

Benjamin Warby: baptised April 14, 1822, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of Benjamin, a brick maker, of Enfield Highway, and Susanna.

George Warby: Baptised March 28, 1824, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of Benjamin, Baker Street, a brick maker, and Susanna. Died aged 7 months. Buried September 19, 1824, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of Benjamin Warby, Baker Street, a brick maker.

George Benjamin Warby: baptised April 2, 1826, St. Mary The Virgin, Norwood. Son of Benjamin Warby, Norwood, a brick maker, and Susanna.

William Warby: baptised August 3, 1828, St. Mary The Virgin, Norwood. Son of Benjamin , Norwood Green, labourer, and Susan. Died aged 16 months. Buried November 8, 1829, Norwood.

William Warby: baptised October 10, 1830, at St. Mary the Virgin, Norwood. Son of Benjamin, labourer, Norwood, and Susan.

Elizabeth Warby: baptised April 1, 1832, St. Mary the Virgin, Norwood. Daughter of Benjamin, labourer, Norwood, and Susan.

Robert Warby: Born August 21, 1834. Baptised September 28, 1834, Tottenham. Son of Benjamin, labourer, Tottenham, and Susan.

John Warby: born November 25, 1836. Baptised December 25, 1836, Tottenham. Son of Benjamin, labourer, Tottenham, and Susan.

Ann Warby: born November 29, 1838. Baptised January 26, 1839, Tottenham. Daughter of Benjamin, labourer, of Tottenham, and Susan.

Emma Warby: born May 11, 1841. Baptised June 20, 1841, Tottenham. Daughter of Benjamin, labourer of Tottenham, and Susan.

The 1841 census for the warby family revealed the following:

Tottenham, Back Field.
Benj. Warby/ 40/ brick maker/not born in county
Susan Warby/ 40/ b in c
Emma Warby/ 1 month/ b in c
\
Benjamin Warby/ 20/ shoemaker/ b in c
George Warby/14/ b in c
William Warby/10/ b in c
Elizabeth Warby/ 9/ b in c
Robert Warby/ 6/ b in c
John Warby/4/ b in c
Ann Warby/ 1/ b in c

In 1851, only four children were still living at home with Benjamin and Susan-Elizabeth, Robert , Ann and Emma:

Forster's Brickfield, Tottenham.
Benjamin Warby/ head/ 50/ brick maker/ born waltham Abbey, Essex.
Susan Warby/ wife/ 51/ born Enfield.
Elizabeth Warby/daughter/ 19/ household servant/ born Tottenham
Robert Warby/ son/ 16/ grocer's assistant/ born Tottenham
Ann Warby/ daughter/ scholar/ born Tottenham
Emma Warby/ daughter/ scholar/ 9/ born Tottenham

Two Warby siblings had married in the decade between the 1841 and 1851 census returns:

May 27, 1844, Tottenham: Benjamin Warby/ full age/ bachelor/ cordwainer of Tottenham/ son of Benjamin Warby, foreman MARRIED Emma Elizabeth Kennedy/ underage/ spinster/ daughter of Daniel Kennedy, carver and guilder

November 11, 1848, Tottenham: George Warby/ full age/ bachelor/ brick maker of Tottenham/ son of Benjamin Warby, brick maker MARRIED Mary Jelley/ full age/ spinster/ of Tottenham/ daughter of William Jelley, coachman.

In the 1851 census, Benjamin Warby and his wife Emma were living in Albert Place, Tottenham, with their three year old son Benjamin and one year old daughter Emma. Benjamin's brother William was also living with the family. Benjamin was a 29 year old shoe maker, and William a 21 year old farm labourer.

Their brother George Warby was living in Tottenham with his wife Mary and one year old daughter Emma. George was a labourer, and a nine year difference between the ages of he and his wife was recorded.

Another brother, 14 year old John Warby, was working as a stable boy at Bruce Grove, Tottenham, one of seven servants working for and living with the Hodgkin family, the head of which was 51 year old John Hodgkin, a "barrister not in practice".

Tragedy struck the Warby family not long after the census was taken on March 30, 1851. Less than a month later, on April 28, 1851, Benjamin Warby Senior was buried at Tottenham, aged only 50 years. He had written a brief will on April 23, 1851:
"This is the last will and testament of me, Bejamin Warby, of Tottenham, brick maker. I direct my just debts, funeral expenses and ___ expenses to be duly paid...I give devise and bequeath unto my dear wife Susanna Warby all my estate and effects of whatsoever nature and description that I may be possessed of for her absolute use...and I appoint my said wife sole executrix of this my will and I revoke all former wills by me made. As witness my hand this twenty third day of April, 1851."
Proved June 4, 1851, by the oath of Susanna Warby, widow.

Son William Warby married the first of his two wives seven months after the death of his father. On November 2, 1851, at Tottenham, William Warby, labourer of Tottenham, son of Benjamin Warby, labourer, MARRIED Elizabeth Barber, minor, daughter of William Barber, farmer.

The following year saw the Warby family lose their matriarch...in April 1852, Susan Sanders Warby died, and on April 10 was buried at Tottenham, aged 54 years.
Susan had made her will on November 10, 1851, and it read in part as follows:

" This is the last will and testament of me, Susannah Warby of Tottenham in the county of Middlesex, widow, which I make publicly and declare in manner following-
That is to say first I direct my debts, funeral expenses and testamentary expenses to be fully paid and subject thereto I give and bequeath all the rest, residue and remainder of my estate and effects of whatever nature, kind or description that I may die possessed of or entitled unto or interested in unto my friend JOHN BROOKS of The Plough Inn, Tottenham aforesaid, licensed victualler, upon the trusts and for the ends intents and purposes following. that is to say as to my furniture, beds, bedding and other household effects and things in and about the house I now dwell in upon trust to permit and suffer my five children namely Elizabeth aged nineteen, Robert aged seventeen, John aged fifteen, Ann aged twelve and Emma aged ten to have the use thereof so long as the said John Brooks may think fit and reasonable and then upon trust to sell the same and divide the proceeds thereof equally between them share and share alike. And as to the stock in the bank belonging to me I direct that the same may be sold out and the proceeds thereof and any dividend or dividends thereon after deducting debts and expenses as aforesaid may be invested in the Tottenahm Savings Bank for the purpose of being appropriated from time to time for and towards the maintenance and support of my said five children or such of them as shall most need the same and in such manner and such amounts to all or either of them as the said John Brooks shall in his discretion think proper. And I do hereby authorize and direct him to sell out such sums from time to time as he may deem requisite towards their maintenance as aforesaid. And all the rest and and residue of my estate and effects I direct may be divided equally between my said five children provided that in the event of the said John Brooks declining or incapable to act as executor or trustee I do hereby authorize him to appoint any person or persons he may think to act in his stead. And I hereby appoint the said John Brooks sole executor of this my will and revoke all former wills by me at any time heretofore made. As witness my hand this 10th day of November in the Year of Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty one.
X The mark of Susannah Warby.
Proved April 14, 1853 by the oath of John Brooks the sole executor."

It is interesting that Susan Warby only made mention of her single children in her will- her married sons Benjamin, George and William must have been considered capable of getting by without any financial assistance.

William Warby, son of Susan and Benjamin, lost his first wife Elizabeth Barber after only several years of marriage. He remarried in 1856 at St. Leonards, Shoreditch. His second wife was 25 year old Ann Elizabeth Sanders, who was his first cousin. She was the daughter of William's maternal uncle, Thomas Sanders, who was a brother to his mother Susan.

William Warby/ 26/ widower/ labourer/ residing 6 New Inn Yard/ son of Benjamin Warby, labourer MARRIED All Elizabeth Sanders/ 25/ servant/ residing 6 New Inn Yard/ daughter of Thomas Sanders, beer seller.

Robert Warby, son of Benjamin and Susan, married in 1857 at Holy Trinity, Islington:

Robert Warby/ full age/ bachelor/ grocer living Holy Trinity district/ son of Benjamin Warby deceased MARRIED Mary Targett / full age/ spinster/ Holy Trinity district/ daughter of John Targett, milkman.

John Warby married Harriett Bailey in 1859:
St. Johns, Hampstead; February 22, 1859. John Warby/ full age/ bachelor/ domestic servant/ living Hampstead/ son of Benjamin Warby, merchant's clerk MARRIED Harriet Bailey/ full age/ spinster/ no occupation/ living Hampstead/ daughter of Alfred Bailey, labourer.
Witnesses: Robert Warby and Eliza Bailey, siblings of the groom and bride.
Harriett Bailey was the daughter of Alfred and Lucy Bailey of Cheddelsworth in Berkshire. Alfred was a shepherd and labourer. In the 1841 census Harriett was living at Cheddelsworth with her parents and siblings, but by 1851 had moved to London where she was working as a house servant for the Verey family, the head of which- John Verey- was a brewer employing 22 men.
John Warby became a licensed victualler in Dudley, Worecstershire. He and Harriet became the parents of Ada, James, Eliza, Harry and Alice.
Harriet Warby died in Dudley in 1874, aged 44. Two years later John married again. He married Sarah Griffiths in 1876, and the couple had children Hannah Maria ('Ann') born 1877; Francis John b 1879 died 1880; Sarah Maud born 1881 and Mary Ann born 1885.
The family remained in Dudley, Worcestershire. In 1891, John was the publican at the 'British Oak Public House'. He was 53 years old, and living with him were his 42 year old wife Sarah and daughters Alice 21; Ann 13, Sarah 10 and Mary Ann 5.
John Warby died at Dudley, Worcestershire, in 1901, at the age of 62.

Susan Sanders Warby's three daughters, Elizabeth, Ann and Emma, were the last of the Warby children to marry, doing so in 1865, 1868 and 1866 respectively:

All Hallows Tottenham: October 3, 1865. Elizabeth Warby/ full age/ spinster/ of Tottenham/ daughter of Benjamin Warby, brick maker MARRIED Thomas Lines/ full age/ widower/ butcher/ of Tottenham/ son of Henry Lines, grocer.

All Hallows, Tottenham: March 24, 1868. Ann Warby/ 28/ spinster/ of Tottenham/ daughter of Benjamin Warby, brick maker MARRIED William Norton, 29, widower/ of Tottenham/ coachman/ son of Samuel Norton, labourer.

Emma Warby married Henry Targett in 1866 at Dudley, Worcestershire. She had been living with the family of her grocer brother Robert in 1861, and also in the house was Henry Targett (misspelt as 'Tarret'), a grocer's assistant.

Remember here that Robert's wife was formerly Mary Targett, and investigation on Ancestry quickly shows that Mary and Henry are siblings, both being the children of John and Jane Targett:

1841 Census: Spencer Street, St. George In The East
John Targett/33/ milkman/ born in county
Edward Targett/ 14/ apprentice milkman/ Y
John Targett/8/ Y
Richard Targett/ 4/ Y (should have been 'Robert' rather than 'Richard')
Ann Targett/3/ Y
Henry Targett/ 1/ Y
Jane Targett/ 35/ Y
Mary Targett/10/Y
Maria Sperring/40/ Y
William Sperring/14/Y

Consulting the baptismal register of St. George In The East, we find:

Mary Target born April 27, 1831. Baptised May 15, 1831. Daughter of John Target, labourer, Charles Street, and Jane.

Henry Targett: baptised February 28, 1841, the son of John Targett, labourer, of Spencer Street, and Jane.

There were also baptisms for their siblings Harriett in 1843; Annabella 1834; Robert 1837; Alfred 1838 and William 1844.

Emma Warby's marriage to Henry Targett sadly did not last long. After marrying in 1866, she had two children with Henry before dying in 1869, aged 28 years. Her son died in infancy, but daughter Elizabeth Emma survived. In the 1871 census, three year old Elizabeth Emma Targett was living with her maternal aunt, Elizabeth Warby Lines, and husband Thomas. Widower Henry Targett remarried in 1873, and his daughter returned to her father and stepmother to live.

Elizabeth Sanders, daughter of William & Mary Sanders

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Elizabeth Sanders was baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield, on February 19, 1797, the daughter of William Sanders and his wife Mary.(The name was misspelt as 'Saunders' in the parish register, but census returns show that Elizabeth was born c. 1796-97)

On July 29, 1819, at All Hallows, Tottenham, Elizabeth married George Warby, the son of George Warby and Elizabeth Patmore. Born c. 1794, George worked initially as a brickmaker, then in the 1820s became a publican at Norwood. He ended his days as the publican of The Plough Inn at Norwood.

I can find only two children born to George Warby and Elizabeth Sanders:

LETITIA WARBY: baptised May 14, 1820, Tottenham. Born April 16, 1820, daughter of George and Elizabeth Warby. Father of Enfield, a brickmaker.

GEORGE WILLIAM WARBY: baptised March 29, 1829, St. Mary the Virgin, Norwood Green. Son of George Warby, of Norwood, publican, and Elizabeth.

There was a burial for George Warby of Norwood Green, aged 10 years, at St. Mary the Virgin, Norwood Green, on May 4, 1839. Since I could find no other trace of George William Warby, this burial is most likely of the son of George and Elizabeth Warby.

The 1841 census finds George and Elizabeth still living at Norwood...

George Warby/ 40/ licensed victualler/ not b in c

Elizabeth warby/ 40/ b in c

Daughter Letitia Warby had married in 1838. She and husband William Holland Downing, a carpenter, lived initially at Limehouse, where their first child, William George Downing, was born in 1840.

In the 1841 census, the Downings were living in Little Clarendon Street, St. Pancras:

Will Downing/ 23/ carpenter/ not b in county

Letitia Downing/ 20/ b in c

George Downing/ 2/ b in c

There is no baptismal record for a George Downing born to William and Leticia, so I think that the child baptised as 'William George' simply became known as 'George'. Children born to Letitia and William were:

William George Downing: born April 15, 1840. Baptised St. Annes, Limehouse, on May 24, 1840. Son of William, carpenter of Limehouse, and Letitia.

Henry Downing: baptised December 16, 1843, St. Pancras. Son of William Downing, carpenter, Spann's Buildings, and Letitia.

William Holland Downing: baptised July 29, 1843, St. Pancras. Son of William Downing, carpenter, Spann's Buildings, and Leticia.

Elizabeth Downing: can't find her baptism, but she was 3 years old in the 1851 census, born in Camden Town.

Charles Frederick Downing: baptised March 24, 1850, St. Marys, Hanwell. Son of William, a carpenter of Hanwell, and Letitia.

By the time the 1851 census rolled around, Elizabeth and George were still in charge of the Plough Inn at Norwood Green, and their only surviving child Letitia and her family were living at Hanwell, Middlesex:

Norwood Green:

George Warby/ head/ 56/ licensed vict./ born Essex

Elizabeth Warby/ wife/ 55/ born Middlesex

William Ivory/ servant/ 22.

Hanwell, Middlesex

William Downing/ head/ 32/ carpenter/ born Suffolk

Letitia Downing/ wife/ 31/ carpenter's wife/ born Norwood

George/ son/ 10/ scholar/ born Limehouse

Henry/ son/ 7/ scholar/ born St. Pancras

William/ son/ 5/ scholar/ born Islington

Elizabeth/ daughter/ 3/ born Camden Town

Charles/ son/ 1/ At home/ born Hanwell.

Elizabeth Sanders Warby's husband George died in 1856, aged 60. He was buried at St. Mary The Virgin, Norwood Green, on July 19, 1856. He left a very brief will as follows:

"This is the last will and testament of me, GEORGE WARBY, of Norwood, Victualler, in manner showing;

I give unto my daughter Letitia Downing ten pounds for mourning.And I give, devise and bequeath unto my wife Elizabeth Warby the rest, residue and remainder of my estate and effects of what nature or kind soever for her absolute use, benefit and disposal. And I constitute her sole executrix of this my will as witness my hand this 28th day of April, 1846.

X The mark of George Warby.

Proved: October 20, 1855, by the oath of Elizabeth Warby, widow, the relict and sole executrix."

In 1861, Elizabeth Sanders Warby was living alone at Norwood:

Elizabeth Warby/ head/ widow/ 64/ retired publican/ born Enfield, Middlesex.

The Downing family had moved in to the house of John Tomlinson, a fellow carpenter:

New Road, Sweet Briar Cottages.

John Tomlinson/ head/ unmarried/ 31/ carpenter/ born Liverpool, Lancashire

William Downing/ boarder/ 42/ married/ carpenter/ born Oulton, Suffolk

Letitia Downing/ boarder/ 40/ married/ carpenter's wife/ b Enfield

George Downing/ boarder/ 20/ unmarried/ carpenter/ born Limehouse

Henry Downing/ boarder/ 16/ unmarried/ carpenter/ born Islington

William Downing/ boarder/ 14/ brick layer/ born Islington

Charles Downing/ boarder/ 11/ scholar/ born Hanwell.

William Downing, husband of Letitia Warby, died at Hounslow in 1862, aged 43. He was buried on July 6, 1862. Two years later his wife Letitia married John Tomlinson Unsworth, a carpenter nine years her junior. This was actually the John Tomlinson whose house the Downing family was boarding with in 1861...I assume that his surname 'Unsworth' was accidentally left out by the enumerator in the 61 census. John was the son of builder Joseph Unsworth of Liverpool and his wife Margaret Tomlinson, who married in Liverpool in 1814.

By 1871, Elizabeth Sanders Warby was living with her daughter and family in Isleworth, Middlesex:

John Unsworth/ head/married/41/ carpenter/ born Liverpool

Letitia Unsworth/wife/ 52/ born Enfield.

Charles Downing/son-in-law/ unmarried/ 21/ carpenter/ born Hanwell

Catherine L. Downing/ granddaughter/ 4/ born Hounslow

Elizabeth Warby/ mother-in-law/ widow/ 76/ born Enfield.

Elizabeth Sanders Warby died on December 31, 1874, aged 81 years.

Her daughter, Letitia Warby Unsworth, widow, died at 26 Park Rd, Battersea, on October 30, 1895.

Burials of Sarah Sanders Robinson and Isaac Robinson

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Baptism, Marriages and Probate of Charles Robinson

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Baptism, Marriage and Probate of Benjamin Robinson

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Baptism and Burial of Josiah Robinson

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Robinson's Mill, Windmill Hill, Enfield.

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Above: Two views of Robinson's mill at Windmill Hill, Enfield, taken from the website http://www.windmillworld.com/uk/enfield.htm.

The Enfield windmill, a smock mill, was operated for many generations by the Robinson family. The mill existed by 1720, and Joseph Robinson, father of Isaac, was miller in 1826. Isaac took over from Joseph, and ran the mill with sons Josiah, Benjamin and Charles. Benjamin's son Isaac Robinson was the last miller before the mill's closure. By 1896 the Ordnanace Survey map noted the mill was disused, and in 1901 the sails were removed, before the mill was demolished in 1904.

The mill stood on Old Park Road, towards the top of Windmill Hill, nearby to the Church of St Mary Magdalene

Sarah Sanders, daughter of William and Mary Sanders.

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Above: marriage of Sarah Sanders and Isaac Robinson, 1816.

Above: Baptism of Sarah Sanders (misspelt 'Saunders'), St. Andrews,

Enfield, 1792.

Sarah Sanders was baptised on October 28, 1792, at St. Andrews, Enfield, the daughter of farmer William Sanders and his wife Mary.

Sarah married Isaac Robinson, member of a long-established family of Enfield millers, and together they raised three sons at Windmill Hill, Enfield. Their children were:

Josiah Robinson: born February 27, 1819. Baptised St. Andrews, Enfield, on August 15, 1819. Son of Isaac Robinson, Chaceside, Enfield, a miller, and Sarah.

Benjamin Robinson: born February 23, 1821. Baptised March 28, 1824, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of Isaac Robinson, Chaseside, a miller, and Sarah.

Charles Robinson: born November 8, 1822. Baptised August 10, 1823. Son of Isaac Robinson, Chaseside, a miller, and Sarah.

All three sons initially worked with their father at the mill. Census returns reveal the following:

1841: Windmill Hill, Enfield.

Isaac Robinson/ 45/ born in county

Sarah Robinson/ 45/ b in c

Josiah Robinson/ 20/ b in c

Benjamin Robinson/ 20/ b in c

Charles Robinson/18/ b in c

1851: Windmill Hill, Enfield.

Isaac Robinson/ head/married/ 55/ miller and farmer 21 acres land/ born Enfield

Sarah Robinson/ wife/ 57/ born Enfield

Josiah Robinson/ son/ 32/ unmarried/ miller and farmer/ born Enfield

Benjamin Robinson/ son/ unmarried/ 30/ miller and farmer/ born Enfield

Charles Robinson/ son/ unmarried/ 28/ miller and farmer/ born Enfield.

1861: The Mill, Enfield.

Isaac Robinson/ head/ 65/retired miller/ born Enfield

Sarah Robinson/ wife/ 67/ born Enfield

Josiah Robinson/ son/ unmarried/ 42/ miller/ born Enfield

Benjamin Robinson/ son/ married/ 40/ miller/ born Enfield.

Julia Robinson/ daughter-in-law/ 24/ born Herts.

Sarah Robinson/ granddaughter/ 2/ born Enfield

On July 7, 1856, Isaac Robinson and his son Benjamin appeared at the Old Bailey to testify at the hearing of Thomas Jones, William Leary and John Sharp who were accused of "breaking and entering the dwelling house of Isaac Robinson with intent to steal". Following is Isaac's and Benjamin's testimony:

" ISAAC ROBINSON . I am a miller, and live at Windmill-hill, Enfield. Between 1 and 2 o'clock on 17th June I heard a noise—I had had a cow blown the night before, and I thought my son had got up to look at it—I took no notice of it—in three or four minutes afterwards I heard a noise in the lower part of the house; I got out, and looked out of the window—the room I sleep in is in the front of the house—I did not see any one, but saw the path gate was open—there is a garden in front of the house, which leads into a private road—the shutter of the lower room window was broken open—I called my son, and after that saw the prisoner Sharp run out of my house, by the front door—he ran down the path into the road—(it was between light and dark)—when Sharp got out in the road he whistled, and Jones came out at the same door, and went down the same road after him, and they whistled again—I saw Leary standing in the road when Sharp ran out of the door—when they had whistled again, the three of them ran away down the road towards Barnet—they ran away, as if together—one of my sons, Benjamin, went after them—I afterwards examined my house—the window was open—the shutter was hanging off; the iron plate through which the pin went was wrenched off—I had fastened it up, between 9 and 10 o'clock at night—in the front room I had two tea caddies, which had contained tapes, and threads, and a parcel of things—all the contents were pulled out of them—they were in a room on the same floor as the room where the window had been forced—nothing had been taken away to my knowledge—I observed the men's dress—they seemed to me to be dressed in the same way that the prisoners are now.

Cross-examined by MR. METCALFE. Q. Where were you standing when you saw the men go out of the house? A. At my bed-room window, which may be six or seven feet from the ground—I was looking out of the window when the men went out of the door—the door is not exactly under the window, but by the side of it—they walked straight along the path to the gate—there was no lamp or light of any kind—one of my sons sleeps in the next room, and the other in the next to him—I called to my son before I saw the man go out at the door—I said, "Get up, I think there is somebody in the house"—I said it in a moderate tone—the man went out—I believe him to have been in the cellar—when I called my son he slipped on his trowsers, waistcoat and shoes, and away he went—this was between 1 and 2 o'clock—I have not the least doubt of Sharp being the man who ran out—to the best of my belief he is; I say that from his dress and from his size—I did not see his face—his general appearance resembles him.
COURT. Q. Did you examine the cellar? A. The cellar door was wide open when I went down—I did not miss anything from the cellar.
BENJAMIN ROBINSON . I am a son of the last witness and live with him. Between 1 and 2 o'clock on the morning of 17th June my father called me, I got up immediately—I saw one man run out, and a whittle was given—I had not heard any noise before I saw a man—he ran out from the front door of the dwelling house—my room is just over the door, I saw the back part of the man—he never was oat of my sight from the time he left the house till I left him at the police station—it was Sharp—when I looked out he was running down the path—on seeing him run I followed down stairs—I first put on my clothes and went down and went out of the front door—I heard a second man go out an I was going down the stairs—after I saw the first man running and heard the second man go out, I heard a whistle again—I heard the first whistle when the first man ran out—I could not tell who whistled—I went down the path, and saw three men running on Slade's-road to Barnet—they might be fifty yards down the road when I saw them running, and between fifty and a hundred yards from me—I followed them—they went as far as Mr. Slade's and turned into Russell's footpath-field—I should think Mr. Slade's is a quarter of a mile from my father's house, it is in the Barnet-road—I heard them speak one to the other—I followed them up Russell's footpath-field—I let them go on about a mile till they came to some cottages in Old Park-lane, where I was well known—they wene walking then—they ran about a mile and then walked—I walked after them till they came to those cottages—I then walked before them and charged them with breaking into my father's house—one of them, I believe it was Leary, said I must be dreaming—I said I did not think I was, and asked them to go with me to the police station—Leary and Sharp said they would—Jones said he should go his own road—we all four went on together by the Green Dragon in Mann's-lane—that was the direction in which they were going—when we were in Mann's-lane, I called out for a constable—I should say that was another mile from where I came up to them, between two and three miles from our house—I heard a constable run and stop at the Green Dragon—he said, "Halloo;" I hallooed again, he came up to us and I gave the prisoners in charge—they said they could easily have run away and pitched me over the hedge—they were taken to the station.
Cross-examined. Q. Are there houses along the footpath between the cottages and the Green Dragon? A. Yes, there is a hedge on one side and cottages on the other—not—all the way—it is a lonely place; here and there cottages—I was perhaps 200 or 300 yards from the Green Dragon when I heard the policeman stop—I could hear him running, and he stopped at the bottom of the lane—the prisoners and I said but very little—I told them directly that they had broken into my father's house, and they said I was dreaming—we went directly to the station—there are a few cottages and houses about the Green Dragon—it is a house where a good many persons stop—I expected to see a policeman down there—I saw the first man go out of the house—I am quite sure it was the first man—I was looking out of the window when he went out and went down the path—when I looked out at the window he was going out at the door, he was partly out and partly in.
Q. Do you mean to swear that you saw him, and heard the second man go out? A. Yes—and when I got out of the door I saw the men—I put on my trowsers and jacket, and shoes and cap—when I get out of my bed-room the stairs are close by my side—when you get down you turn out of the door—the garden may be about fifty yards long—there is a gate at the end of the garden, that was open—I should say when I went out of the house door the men were about fifty yards beyond the garden—fifty yards further.
Q. Do you mean to say that you saw them at all when you got out, or did you hear anything more than footsteps going down the road? A. There were persons then in sight—I did not tell the policeman that I heard their footsteps—I told the policeman I heard two persons run out of the house. (The witness's deposition being ready stated," I heard two persons, one after the other, run out of the house; they ran down Slade's road; I heard their footsteps in the road, and heard them turn out of the road into the foot-path.")
COURT. Q. Did you hear them or see them? A. I saw them, Sir—I saw one run out of the house—that was the first one—I told the Magistrate so.
MR. CAARTEN. Q. You said before the Magistrate that you had seen them? A. Yes, one ran from the house—when I got into the garden, I saw them all three running—I said that before the Magistrate—I don't think it is taken down—the clerk read this deposition over to me afterwards, I did not interrupt him, and tell him he had not taken down correctly what I said—I am quite sure I told the Magistrate, and it is the fact that I did see them when I got in the road—I never lost sight of them after I got in the garden till they were taken by the policeman—I did not see any body else on the road.
COURT. Q. Were you ever a witness before a Magistrate before or since? A. No.
WILLIAM HAYNES (policeman, N 196). I was on duty near the Green Dragon in Mann's lane, about half past 2 o'clock in the morning of 17th June, I heard a cry of police when I was at the Green Dragon, I saw the persons at the end of the lane, I could not tell who they were till I came up to them, and they were the three prisoners and the last witness—I asked what was the matter—the last witness said, "These three men broke into my father's premises, I wish them to be taken to the station"—I told the prisoners they must come with me—one of them said, "Very well, I suppose we must go"—Leary said, "I did not know what he meant, if we had known,
we could easily have chucked him over into the hedge"—I took them to Enfield station.
JONES— GUILTY . Aged 22.
LEARY— GUILTY . Aged 22.
SHARP— GUILTY . Aged 20.
Confined Fifteen Months. "

Charles Robinson had married Eliza Georgiana Woodford on April 30, 1855. His brother Benjamin married Julia Robinson on February 21, 1857. Eldest brother Josiah remained a bachelor.

Sarah Sanders Robinson and her husband Isaac Robinson died within four months of eachother...Sarah was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on June 11, 1863, aged 70 years. Isaac was buried on October 14, 1863, aged 68 years.

Josiah and Benjamin continued to run the mill at Enfield. Charles became a beerhouse keeper at Enfield. He was widowed in the 1870s, and moved back to live at the mill with Benjamin and his family. The 1881 census showed that Charles Robinson, widower, was a miller's assistant living at The Mill, Windmill Hill, Enfield, with Benjamin Robinson, miller, Benjamin's wife Julia and their children Sarah, Isaac and Julia.

Josiah Robinson died on December 20, 1880, aged 61 years. He was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on December 23, 1880.

Charles Robinson remarried in the 1880s. He and his new wife, Maria lived at Hawthorn Cottage, Enfield, up until his death in 1908.

Benjamin and Julia Robinson eventually retired from milling and moved to live at Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, where he died in 1902, aged 81 years.

Newspaper Articles Re. Noah Sayer, husband of Mary Anne Marsh

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Above: The Standard (London, England), Monday, January 06, 1851.

Above: Daily News (London, England), Wednesday, May 3, 1854.

Above: The Belfast News-Letter (Belfast, Ireland), Wednesday, July 16, 1862.

Mary Anne Sanders, daughter of William & Mary Sanders

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Above: The family of Mary Anne Sanders Marsh in the 1841 census.

Mary Anne Sanders was born in c. 1788 at Enfield, Middlesex, the eldest daughter of farmer William Sanders and his wife Mary.
In c. 1808, Mary Anne married James Marsh, a man whose occupation seemed to be a farmer or farm labourer. They lived at Clayhill in Enfield, where they raises a large family, losing three children along the way to the terrible disease small pox.
The children of James Marsh and Mary Anne Sanders were as follows:

Mary Anne Marsh: baptised December 31, 1809, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of James and Mary Anne Marsh

William Henry Marsh: baptised October 27, 1811, St. Andrews. Son of James and Mary Anne Marsh. Aged about 2 months.

Sarah Marsh: baptised June 27, 1813, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of James Marsh, labourer at Clayhill, and Mary Anne. Born June 4, 1813.

James Marsh: born December 24, 1814. Baptised May 14, 1815, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of James Marsh, a labourer, Clay Hill, and Mary Anne.

John Marsh: born December 25, 1817. Baptised September 24, 1817, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of James Marsh, labourer, of Clayhill, and Mary Anne.

Charles Henry Marsh: born November 24, 1818. Baptised January 31, 1819, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of James Marsh, Clayhill, a labourer farmer, and Mary Anne.

Sarah Marsh: baptised April 2, 1820, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of James Marsh, a farmer, Clayhill, Enfield, and Mary Anne.

Rebecca Sanders: baptised October 7, 1821, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of James Marsh, of Clayhill in this parish, a farmer, and Mary Anne.

John Richard Marsh: baptised June 27, 1824, St. Andrews,Enfield. Born April 8, 1824. Son of James Marsh, of Clayhill, a labourer, and Mary Anne.

Charles Marsh: Born June 9, 1825. Baptised July 3, 1825, St. Andrews, Enfield. Son of James Marsh, farmer, of Clayhill, and Mary Anne.

Eliza Marsh: baptised January 27, 1828, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of James Marsh, Clay Hill, a farmer, and Mary Anne.

Small Pox claimed its first victim in the Marsh household in 1813. In October of that year, four month old Sarah Marsh contracted the disease and died. She was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on October 13, 1813, and the register noted that she was the daughter of James Marsh, labourer, of Clayhill.

In February of 1820, the James and Mary Anne Marsh received a double blow when they lost two small sons to small pox. John Marsh, aged 3 years 2 months, and his 15 month old baby brother Charles Henry were both buried on the same day- February 18, 1820- at St Andrews, Enfield.

As can be seen from the 1841 census return above, the Marsh family was still living at Clay Hill, Enfield. Their younger children were living with them-Charles, 12, and Eliza, 11, as well as Charlotte, 12, and John, 2. The latter child is definitely not a son of James and Mary Anne due solely to Mary Anne being too old to bear children in 1841...a grandchild, perhaps? I cannot locate a baptism for Charlotte Marsh with parents James and Mary Anne either...there is a Charlotte Marsh born to Thomas and Sarah Marsh of Enfield in 1827, but she is accounted for in the 1841 census with her parents.

The 1841 census is the only one in which Mary Anne Sanders Marsh appears, as she died before the 1851 census came around. On March 30, 1848, Mary Anne Marsh was buried at St Andrews, Enfield, aged 60 years.

Her husband James Marsh appears in the 1851 census:

Rose Cottage, Clay Hill, Enfield.
James Marsh/ head/ widower/ 72/ annuitant/ born Clerkenwell
John Marsh/ son/ married/ 29/ fishmonger/ born Enfield.
Ellen Marsh/ daughter-in-law/ 22/ dressmaker/born Tottenham
John Marsh/ grandson/ 2/ born London
Mary Ann Sayer/ daughter/40/ married/ annuitant/ born Enfield
Francis Albert Sayer/grandson/12/scholar/ born Middlesex

Mary Anne Marsh, eldest daughter of James and Mary Anne, married hairdresser Noah Sayer at St. Andrews, Holborn, on November 12, 1829. They had two children:

Eliza Sayer born December 6, 1834. Baptised January 4, 1835, St. Andrews, Holborn. Daughter of Noah Sayer, hairdresser, 22 Windmill Street, Finsbury, and Mary Anne.

Francis Albert Sayer: born January 19, 1840. Baptised December 1, 1844, St. James, Clerkenwell. Son of Noah Sayer, hair dresser, 5 St. Johns Square, and Mary Anne.

Eliza must have died in infancy, as I can find no other trace of her. In the 1841 census, Mary Anne, her husband Noah and son Francis were living at St. Luke, Chelsea:

Noah Sayer/ 30/ perfumer/ not born in county
Mary Sayer/ 30/ b in c
Francis Sayer/ 1/ b in c

Mary Anne and Noah separated some time in the 1840s, as by the 1851 census she and Francis were living with her father, James Marsh, and Noah was lodging in St. James, Westminster. Both stated they were married, and Noah was still a perfumer.

Mystery solved...I had a feeling that something was shonky with this Noah character, so I checked for any references to him in the British Newspapers 1600-1900 collection. There were three...the first in 1851 for deserting his wife and family; the second in 1854 for indecently assaulting a girl; and the third in 1862, which was a condescending article entitled "Beautifying A Darkey".

"AGGRAVATED CASE OF DERSERTION OF A WIFE- Mr. Noah Sayer, hairdresser and perfumer, of 27 Sherrard Street, Gordon Square, St. Pancras, was brought before Mr. Combe, charged with deserting his wife and family.
Mr. Wakeling prosecuted at the instance of the parish of Clerkenwell.
Mrs. Sayer stated that 20 years ago she was married to the prisoner, who left her two months back, telling her he was going to America, and she would see him no more. She had since become chargeable to Clerkenwell parish, and received relief towards the maintenance of herself and children. She had discovered her husband residing with another woman, and carrying on an excellent business.
Mr. Combe asked the defendant if he had any offer to make to the parish?
Prisoner said he was willing to allow his wife 10 shillings a month.
Mr. Combe- Come, that is good. Why did you not say 10 shillings a year? A little of the treadmill might do you good.
Mr. Wakeling said the defendant's conduct had been very bad indeed, and he should press for a punishment.
Prisoner was committed for a month to the House of Correction, and to go there again if that should not do."
- The Standard (London, England), Monday, January 06, 1851.

It is interesting to read the reference to Mary Anne and her "children"...I can still only find baptisms or births for two children born to Mary Anne and Noah Sayer- Eliza and Francis. Of Eliza there is no other mention, and only Francis appears with his parents in the 1841 census, and then with his mother in the 1851.

Noah Sayer's bad reputation was enhanced when in 1854 he was found guilty and sentenced to four month's imprisonment for unlawfully and indecently assaulting 8 year old Annie Maria Walter. In the 1851 census, freshly out of gaol, Noah had returned to his lodgings at 27 Sherrard Street. Information given on the census form stated that he was born in Cheshunt, Herts; was 41 years old; married, and a perfumer. Also lodging in the house was 21 year old tobacconist Jane Pearson..I wonder if she was the "other woman" in question?

It is obvious that Noah and Mary Anne never reconciled- the 1861 census found Noah liiving at Wellclose, Middlesex, 51 years old and a perfumer. Living with him was 21 year old servant Mary Ann Golder from Norfolk. Mary Anne was visiting a house in Northampton Street, Clerkenwell, the head of which was William Rapley, a 62 year old jeweller. Also living there was his 65 year old wife Elizabeth. Mary Sayers, visitor, was 50 years old, married, a sempstress, and born in Enfield,
The 1871 census was interesting...Noah had moved to New Windsor, in Berkshire. He described himself as a widower, even though his wife Mary Anne was still alive, and was a 61 year old hairdresser. Two people were living with him:
Miss Golder/ visitor/ unmarried/ 28/ dress maker/ born London Middlesex
Albert Golder/ son of above/ 9/ scholar/ born London.

There was only one birth of an Albert Golder registered for the correct period- Albert Francis Golder born March 1/4 1862, London. A baptism for Albert Francis Golder appeared ten years later in the registers of Christ Church, Camden: May 17, 1872, Albert Francis Golder, son of Mary Jane Golder, 39 Redhill Street, spinster."
Could the Mary Jane Golder who had a son Albert be the same woman as Mary Ann Golder who appeared in the 1861 census as Noah Sayer's servant? And is this Albert the son of Noah Sayer? I'd say most likley to both questions, but since this is an off-shoot line of my original subjects, the Sanders family, I had better not devote too much time to chasing interesting- but time consuming- stories.

After Mary Anne Sanders Marsh died in 1848, I could not find her husband James beyond the 1851 census. The only death I could find for a suitable James Marsh of the right age and location was:
James Holder/ Holden Marsh, buried St. Andrews, Enfield on March 5, 1859, aged 81 years. This James was the son of Thomas and Mary Marsh, bpatised May 8, 1777, St. John The Baptist, Islington, Clerkenwell.

2. Job Sanders,second son of William and Mary Sanders.

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Job Sanders was baptised at St Andrews, Enfield, on May 9, 1790, the second son of William and Mary Sanders. His existence came as a surprise to me, as previous to Ancestry's brilliant releasing of London records this year, the only indication I had re. William Sanders' children were those named in his will of 1819. Because Job had died in 1817, his name of course was not mentioned.

In 1810, at the age of twenty years, Job Sanders married Rachel Hankins at All Saints, Edmonton. Four daughters followed in the following seven years:

Sarah Sanders born May 1, 1811. Baptised September 22, 1811, St. Andrews, Enfield, the daughter of Job and Rachael Sanders. Sarah Sanders was buried April 29, 1818, St. Andrews, Enfield, aged 7 years. Daughter of the late Job Sanders, Bulls Cross, Enfield, a gardener.

Eliza Sanders baptised May 16, 1813, St. Andrews, Enfield.Daughter of Job Sanders, gardener, of Bush Hill by Enfield, and Rachel.

Mary Anne Sanders baptised June 4, 1815, St. Andrews, Enfield. Daughter of Job Sanders, a gardener, of Bulls Cross, Enfield, and Rachel. Mary Anne died at the age of 2 1/2 years. She was buried at St. Andrews, Enfield, on October 19, 1817. The burial record noted that she was the daughter of the late Job Sanders of Bulls Cross, Enfield, gardener.

Alicia Sanders baptised September 7, 1817. Born August 17, 1817, daughter of the late Job Sanders, a labourer of Bulls Cross, and Rachel.

I can't find what happened to poor Rachel and her two surviving daughters after the death of Job. It was a hellish year fro Rachel...whilst pregnant with her fourth daughter, she first lost her husband Job in May 1817; gave birth to daughter Alicia three months later in August; suffered the death of toddler Mary Ann in October, and finally the following year lost her eldest daughter, seven year old Sarah.

She does not appear in any of the census returns, or death or marriage indexes, nor do her daughters Alicia and Eliza. I will have to put her on the back burner for the present and move on to her sister-in-law, Mary Anne Sanders.

Burials of William and Thomas Sanders.

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Census retruns 1841 and 1851 Thomas and William Sanders

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Top: 1851 census return showing the households of William and Thomas Sanders.

Bottom: Ditto for the 1841 census.

Marriage of Thomas Sanders and Sarah Simmons

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Quandary about the "ownership" of Thomas Sanders

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I have spent the last few days in a genealogical quandary, madly researching every aspect of the individual named Thomas Sanders, born Enfield in 1795, who married Sarah Simmons in Enfield in 1819. I had assumed, for various reasons, that he was "mine"...the son of William Sanders and his wife Mary, and brother of my great-great-great-great grandfather Edward Sanders.

Then I came across several family trees on Ancestry.com which attributed this Thomas to another family completely. The baptismal register extract above shows the reason for the confusion....at the top of the page is the baptism of my Thomas, son of William and Mary, farmers of Enfield. At the bottom is another Thomas Sanders, this one the son of Richard Francis Sanders and his wife Susanna Nenny.

The families of Richard Francis Sanders and my William Sanders were miles apart in regards to wealth and social standing. My Sanders family were common folk..farmers, ag labourers, cordwainers. Richard Francis Sanders was the son of a well-respected surgeon, Thomas Sanders, from Cheshunt, Hertfordshire. He had a brother, John Harry Sanders, who was a commander in the Royal Navy, and another brother Thomas Sanders who was a Doctor.

These facts alone should have made it easy to separate the two Thomas Sanders men, but things were complicated by the fact that Richard Francis Sanders lost a good deal of his wealth through bankruptcy in the 1800s. He appeared in the London Gazette several times regarding his bankruptcy, from 1806 until 1813 when final dividends were paid on his estate. He was described initially as "Richard Francis Sanders of Theobald's Park, Enfield, Grazier, Dealer and Chapman", then "Richard Francis Sanders of Enfield-Chace, Middlesex, grazier".

In 1822 he appeared in the Gazette again: "Petitions of Insolvent Debtors to be heard: At the Shire Hall, Hertford, Co. Hertford, 18 January 1823 at 11 o'clock, Richard Francis Sanders, late of Cheshunt, Co. Hertford, Sheriff's Officer."

Richard Sander's father Thomas had died in 1815 ( Gentleman's Magazine 1816: HERTS: At Cheshunt, in consequence of a fall from his horse, in his 70th year, Thomas Sanders, M.D."), leaving a will that seemed to benefit his sons Thomas and John more than Richard..."Unto my son Thomas Sanders all my freehold property, lying and being in the parish of Enfield, also my copyhold land being in a field called Aldbury in Cheshunt. Also all of my household property.... To my son John Harry Sanders the residue of my estates in Cheshunt, Herts;...one hundred pounds to my son Richard Francis Sanders." Thomas Sanders was also the sole executor of his father's will.

He remained in Cheshunt after his father's death, and it seems as though his brother Richard had been in charge of the estate at Enfield and continued to do so for several years after Thomas Senior's death, despite his bankruptcy dramas. Richard had married Susanna Nenny in February of 1794 at St Andrews, Enfield. His son Thomas was born in January the following year, and son Richard was baptised at St Andrews on February 15, 1796. This baby was buried three days later on February 18th.

Richard Francis Sanders' next child was a daughter, Anne Sanders, born in 1802, seven years after his previous child. The baptismal entry from the registers of St. Andrews, Enfield, named Anne Sanders as the wife of Richard Francis. Other children followed- Richard Francis in 1803; Susanna Harriett in 1804 and John Harry in 1806- and in each case, the mother was stated as being 'Anne Sanders'. I can't find a marriage for Richard Francis Sanders and Anne Unknown between 1796 and 1802, so perhaps 'Anne' was a shortening of the name 'Susanna'.
Richard Francis Sanders was definitely widowed by 1818, as in that year he married 27 year old Mary Reddish. With Mary he had another family of children- Edward Samuel Reddish Sanders born 1821; John lea Sanders b 1823; Alfred Francis Sanders b 1825; Augustus Sanders b 1825; Adolphus Sanders b 1827; Rhoda Amelia Sanders b 1829; Felix born 1831 and Frederick Francis born 1833.

There is no hint in the church register entry as to the parentage of the Thomas Sanders who married Sarah Simmons in 1819... not even the witnesses give a clue as they were named as Thomas Simmons and Alexander Young.

All I know of our Thomas Sanders is that he was definitely alive in 1819 when his father William's will was written and proved, as he was a beneficiary and named as one of two executors. There is only one marriage for a Thomas Sanders or Saunders in Enfield between 1819 and 1820, remembering that the first child of Thomas Sanders and Sarah Simmons was born October 30, 1819 (the couple was married in February, 1819). Similarly, there are no burials for a Thomas Sanders or Saunders of the correct age in Enfield post-1820. Of course, our Thomas may have moved to another parish or county, or indeed emigrated to another country all together. There are no Thomas Sanders, born Enfield c. 1796, in any of the census returns except for the one who married Sarah Simmons.

The parish records of St Andrew, Enfield, have the following baptismal entries for children born to Thomas and Sarah:

Thomas Sanders; born October 30, 1819. Baptised November 28, 1819. Son of Thomas Sanders, a farmer, Chaceside, Enfield, and Sarah. Buried St. Andrew, Enfield, January 20, 1820, aged 3 months. Son of Thomas and Sarah Sanders of Chaceside, Enfield, a farmer.

Mary Anne Sanders: born May 27, 1821.Baptised June 24, 1821. Daughter of Thomas Sanders, a farmer, Chaceside, Enfield, and Sarah. Died aged 16 months. Buried St Andrew, Enfield, on September 20, 1822. daughter of Thomas Sanders, a farmer, Chaceside, Enfield, and Sarah.

Mary Ann Sanders: born January 11, 1824. Daughter of Thomas Sanders, Chaceside, a farmer, and Sarah.

Sarah Sanders: born November 17, 1825. Baptised December 18, 1825. Daughter of Thomas Sanders, Brigadier Hill, a farmer, and Sarah.

Rebecca Sanders. No baptism found for this child, but there was a burial entry: St. Andrews, Enfield: March 10, 1828. Buried Rebecca Sanders, aged 4 weeks, daughter of Thomas Sanders, Brigadier Hill, Milkman.

John Sanders: born March 9, 1829, baptised April 5, 1829. Son of Thomas Sanders, Chaseside, a farmer, and Sarah.

Anne Elizabeth Sanders: baptised October 30, 1831. Daughter of Thomas Sanders, Brigadier Hill, a farmer, and Sarah.

Alfred Job Sanders: baptised June 15, 1834. Son of Thomas Sanders, Brigadier Hill, Enfield, a farmer, and Sarah.

Thomas Sanders: baptised June 25, 1837. Son of Thomas Sanders, Brigadier Hill, a farmer, and Sarah.

Rebecca Sanders: baptised March 15, 1840. Daughter of Thomas Sanders, Brigadier Hill, a farmer, and Sarah. Buried St Andrews, Enfield, on May 22,1842, aged 2 years. Abode: Holly Bush.

The 1841 census finds Thomas and Sarah Simmons Sanders living with their children at Brigadier Hill, Enfield:
Thomas Sanders/ 45/ farmer/ born in county
Sarah Sanders/ 40/ b in c
Sarah sanders/ 15/ b in c
John Sanders/ 12/ b in c
Ann Sanders/ 9/ b in c
Alfred Sanders/ 7/ b in c
Thomas Sanders/4/ b in c
Rebecca Sanders/1/ b in c

Eldest daughter Mary Ann is missing from the household, but she was old enough to be living away from home and working. She appears again in 1849 when she married George Newman, a labourer, at St Andrew, Enfield, on April 16. Her father was noted as being Thomas Sanders, Publican, and her abode Brigadier Hill. Witnesses to the marriage were her father, Thomas Sanders, and sister Ann Elizabeth.
No children were born of this marriage, and Mary Ann and George remained all of their lives in Enfield where George worked as a gardener.

Second eldest daughter Sarah Sanders married in 1843- on December 28, 1843, at St Andrew, Enfield, Sarah Sanders, full age; spinster; of Brigadier Hill; daughter of Thomas Sanders, labourer, MARRIED William Rainbird, bachelor; of full age; gardener of East Lodge; son of Samuel Rainbird, labourer.
Sarah was not in fact of 'full age'...she was only 18 years old, and was 19 when she died the following year. On October 13, 1844, Sarah Sanders Rainbird, of Holly Bush, was buried at St Andrews, Enfield. Her husband William remarried in 1846, to Caroline Croucher, and when she passed away in November 1854 he went on to marry Martha Thompson in 1855.

Living next door to the family of Thomas and Sarah Sanders in the 1841 and 1851 census returns was William and Sarah Sanders: 1841:

Brigadier Hill, Enfield: William Saunders/ 50/ ag lab/ 68 years/ born in county
Sarah Saunders/45/ born in county

1851 census:
William Sanders/head/ married/ 68/ ag labourer/ born Enfield
Sarah Sanders/ wife/ 64/ born Enfield
//
Thomas Sanders/ head/55/ beer retailer/ born Enfield
Sarah Sanders/wife/ 53/ born St. George Hanover Square
Alfred Job Sanders/ son/ 16/gardener/ born Enfield
Thomas Sanders/ son/ 13/ ag labourer/ born Enfield.

Both William and Thomas Sanders had died before the next census was taken in 1861, leaving the two Sarah Sanders as widows.

The fact that these two Sanders families lived next to eachother, with William the elder of the two men who headed the households, was what led me to believe initially that they were the brothers of my Edward Sanders. Then there was the use of the middle name 'Job' in one of the sons of Thomas and Sarah, in honour, I believe, of Job Sanders, brother of my Edward, who died in 1817.
When looking at naming patterns in the children of Thomas and Sarah Sanders, there was no child named Richard as perhaps could have been expected if Thomas had been the son of Richard Francis Sanders. Then again, neither was the name 'William' used. 'Mary' was used twice-initially for the first-born daughter who died aged 16 months, and then for her sister who was born soon after. My Thomas Sanders' mother was Mary....but again, it proves or disproves nothing.
Perhaps what is more binding evidence is the fact that Ann Elizabeth Sanders, one of Thomas and Sarah's daughters, married William Warby. This young widower was in fact the son of Benjamin Warby and his wife Susan Sanders, the sister of my Edward Sanders. This means that if Thomas Sanders is indeed "mine", his daughter Ann was marrying her first cousin, something that was by no means uncommon in that time period.

Information supplied on the marriage certificate of Ann Sanders and William Warby was as follows:
St. Leonards, Shoreditch, on November 30, 1856.
William Warby, 26, widower, labourer, of 6 New Inn Yard, son of Benjamin Warby, labourer, MARRIED Ann Elizabeth Sanders, 25, spinster, servant, 6 New Inn Yard, daughter of Thomas Sanders, beer seller.
Witnesses: George Warby and Mary Warby, both signing their names with a cross.

William Sanders died first....William Sanders, aged 70 years. Abode: Holly Bush. Buried January 23, 1853, St. Andrews, Enfield.

Thomas Sanders, aged 62 years. Abode: Brigadier Hill. Buried November 3, 1857, St. Andrews, Enfield.

The family of William and Mary Sanders.

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We know from William Sanders' will that at the time of his death in 1819 he had eight living children- three sons and five daughters. If you note all of the Enfield baptisms of children born to parents named William and Mary Sanders from 1780 to 1812, there are sixteen entries ranging from William Thomas Sanders in 1787 to John Sanders in 1812.

My William and Mary were born in c. 1759 and 1758 respectively, so it would be highly unlikely that this Mary would be the mother of John born in 1812 when she would have been aged about 54 years old. The sixteen baptismal entries in question, all occurring at St. Andrews, Enfield, are as follows:
September 12, 1787: William Thomas Sanders
May 9, 1790: Job Sanders
22 May 1791: Job Sanders
February 1, 1795: Thomas Sanders
February 13, 1795: Mary Anne Sanders
November 6, 1796: Susan Sanders
February 18, 1798: Frances Sanders
July 28, 1799: Susannah Sanders
February 2, 1800: Elizabeth Sanders
December 19, 1800: Alicia Sanders
November 8, 1801: William Sanders
July 31, 1803: Anne Sanders
February 3, 1805: Mary Sanders
February 12, 1806: Edward Sanders
February 11, 1807: Anne Sanders
May 3, 1812: John Sanders

I cannot find a record for a Sarah Sanders being born to William and Mary Sanders in c. 1791-94, which is the period suggested by her ages as given in census returns from 1851 and 1861, and at her death in 1863. There IS a Sarah Saunders baptised St Andrews, Enfield, on October 28, 1792, daughter of William and Mary Sanders, who is most likely our Sarah Sanders.

From William Sanders' will, the married names of two of his five daughters is known...Sarah Sanders by 1819 was Sarah Robinson, and Mary Anne was Mary Anne Marsh. Daughters Susan, Alicia and Elizabeth were still unmarried.
Sarah Sanders married miller Isaac Robinson on December 1, 1816, at All Hallows, Tottenham. There is a note for marriages on this page of the register that says : " The following banns were published in Edmonton Church, this church being under repair."

I can't find a marriage record for Mary Ann Sanders or Saunders to a man named Marsh or March anywhere in England let alone Middlesex. There is, however, a Marsh family in Enfield in the 1841 census with parents Mary and James, and a family of children baptised at St Andrews Enfield between 1809 and 1825 with parents James and Mary Anne. Because of the lack of a record of a marriage of a James Marsh to any Mary or Mary Anne around 1808-09, I am assuming that this family from Clay Hill is the family of our Mary Anne Sanders (until proven otherwise, anyway)

Daughter Susan or Susannah Sanders married Benjamin Warby in 1821; and brothers William and Thomas both married Sarahs:-
Thomas Sanders, bachelor, married Sarah Simmons, spinster, at St Andrews, Enfield, on February 21, 1819, and:
William Sanders, bachelor, married Sarah March, spinster, All Saints, Edmonton, by banns in November 1823.
Youngest son, Edward Sanders, of course married Jane Draper. the fate of sisters Elizabeth and Alicia I have not as yet uncovered.
I believe that the two children baptised Job in 1790 and 1791 also belonged to our William and Mary Sanders. The first child died in infancy in 1790, and the second Job married Rachel Hankins in 1810 and died in 1817. I believe that he wasn't named in the will of his father William simply because he had died two years before his father.
I will now add a small blog entry for each of the individuals whom I believe to be the issue of my William and Mary Sanders of Enfield.

Two marriages of William Sanders in Enfield

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Above: Which of these two Marys - if in fact either- is my five-greats grandmother???

Burials of William and Mary Sanders

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Wills of William Sanders and his wife Mary.

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Above: The will of Mary Sanders, wife of William, was both written and proved in 1825. I had to order it through the London Metropolitan Archives as, unlike that of her husband, it was not registered as a PCC will. It proved to me that I had been correct about my research into her youngest child, Leticia/Alicia Sanders, who I thought had married Robert Dickenson...her mother names her in her will as 'Leticia Dickenson.'

Above: The earlier will of William Sanders, husband of Mary.

William Sanders, father of Edward Sanders.

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As can be seen above in the baptismal record of Edward Sanders, his parents were William Sanders and his wife Mary, maiden name unknown. It has proved difficult specifying Edward's siblings, because two different Sanders families with parents William and Mary were being born in Enfield in the period late 1700s to early 1800s, and it is near impossible to separate them.

The location of William Sanders' will several years ago helped no end to identify his children , naming as it did his three sons and five daughters:

"My three sons William, Thomas and Edward" and my five daughters "Mary Ann Marsh, Sarah Robinson, Elizabeth Sanders. Susan Sanders and Leticia Sanders" (although the latter was actually 'Alicia' Sanders)

The will was quite short, but it did specify that funds should be set aside to "place out my said son Edward as an apprentice". This was obviously done as asked, as Edward became a cordwainer/shoemaker, an occupation that would have required an apprenticeship.

Using the names given in William Sander's will, we can find the following baptisms in the registers of St. Andrew's, Enfield:

Thomas Sanders baptised February 1, 1795

Susan Sanders baptised November 6, 1796

Susannah Sanders baptised July 28, 1799

Alicia Sanders baptised December 19, 1800

Elizabeth Sanders baptised February 2, 1800

William Sanders baptised November 8, 1801

Anne Sanders baptised July 3, 1803

Mary Sanders baptised February 3, 1805

Edward Sanders baptised February 12, 1806

There are two prospective marriages for a William Sanders/Saunders in Enfield for the correct time period...on September 16, 1781, William Saunders married Mary Cracknell, and on April 24, 1794, William Saunders married Mary Acrus. On both occasions the groom was a batchelor, and both marriages took place in St. Andrews' Enfield. This is assuming, of course, that the marriage of William and his Mary was carried out in the borough of Enfield and not some other parish. I did check several other William/Mary marriages in London/Middlesex for the period 1780-1800, and none of them matched.

I had chosen Mary Acrus as the most likely bride for my William Sanders, due to the dates of births of the children listed above, with the eldest son, Thomas, being born in 1795. This would fit in with the first child of a couple who married in 1794, such as William Sanders and Mary Acrus.

When consulting the entire list of children baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield, to parents William and Mary Sanders/Saunders in the 1780s-1790s, however, we had these additional children:

September 12, 1787: William Thomas son of William and Mary Sanders

January 29, 1789: Mary Anne daughter of Wm and Mary Sanders

May 9, 1790: Job son of William and Mary Sanders

February 13 1795: Mary Anne daughter of William and Mary Sanders

February 1, 1795: Thomas son of William and Mary Ann Sanders

February 18, 1798: Frances daughter of William and Mary Sanders

There were also two children born to parents William and Mary Sanders in 1807 and 1812:-

February 11 1807: Anne daughter of William and Mary Sanders

May 3, 1812: John son of William and Mary.

I still think that it may be Mary Acrus who married my William Sanders...taking that she would have been about 20 at her marriage in 1794, her birth year would have been around 1774 or earlier. Similarly, we can roughly put the Mary Cracknell who married in 1781 as being born in c. 1761 or earlier. I think that it would be more likely the former giving birth to my Edward Sanders in 1806 at the age of about early-to-mid thirties than Mary Cracknell being his mother when in her mid to late 40s.

When we check for the burial of William Sanders who wrote his will on March 29, 1819, we find two William Sanders of Enfield who died in 1819:

William Sanders, buried November 14, 1819; buried St Andrews Enfield, aged 69 years. Late a shopkeeper of Enfieldtown. His wife was buried at the Meeting Ground, Chaseside.

William Sanders, buried St Andrews, Endfield, April 17, 1819, aged 60 years. A farmer, Chaceside(sic), Enfield.

Our William Sanders' will proves beyond doubt that the latter is our man...he wrote his will on March 29, 1819, and it was proved on May 4, 1819. This means that it couldn't have been written by the William Sanders who was buried in November 1819. Also there was a note written on November William's burial entry that stated that his wife had been buried in the Meeting Ground, Chaseside, a Quaker burial ground. We know that our William's wife Mary was still alive in March of 1819 as he mentioned her in his will.

Searching for a death or burial for our Mary Sanders, widow of William, we find:

Mary Sanders, buried April 17, 1825, St Andrews, Enfield. Widow of William Sanders, a farmer, Chaseside. Age 67 years.

This is fantastic, locating the burial of both of my five-greats grandparents, but it throws my theory about which Mary had married my William right out the window. Our Mary Sanders was 67 when she died in 1825, which puts her birth year as c. 1758. Her husband William died aged 60, putting his year of birth as about 1759.

This changes my view of things...I now favour Mary Cracknell as the Mary who married our William in 1781. The Mary who married William would have then been aged about 22, and at the time of Edward Sander's birth in c. 1806, was aged about 48...unlikely but not impossible.

Mary Acrus who married William Sanders in 1794 would have been aged 36 at the time of her marriage if she had been born in 1758. Acrus appears to be an exceedingly uncommon name- the only instance of a marriage of a Mary Acrus is to William Saunders(not Sanders). I thought it may be a misspelling of 'Acres', but the name appears as 'Acrus' both in Pallot's Marriage Index and in the Parish Register for St Andrews Enfield. Both of the parties in the marriage entry for the William Sanders and Mary Acrus wedding had to sign there name with a cross, suggesting illiteracy and therefore increasing the possibility of a misspelling of names. Our William also signed his name with a cross on his last will and testament.

A Mary Cracknell of the correct birth year was born on March 14, 1758, the daughter of John Cracknell, a waterman, and his wife Martha. She was baptised at St. Johns, Horselydown, Southwark, on April 16, 1758.

Arrgghhh...let's face it...at the moment, I just don't know which Mary was the wife of my William Sanders! I will welcome all suggestions and debate re. the Mary Acrus vrs Mary Cracknell question.

1891 census Edward Sanders & Family

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1901 Census Edward Sanders

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Edward Sanders Jnr 1881 Census

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Edward Sanders Junior 1871 Census

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Edward Sanders Junior in 1861 Census

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Edward Sanders, 8th & final child of Edward Sanders & Jane Draper

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Edward Sanders was born at Chase Side in 1849, the third son and eighth child born to Edward Sanders and Jane Draper. He was baptised at St Andrews, Enfield, on February 17, 1850.
Edward was the only son to follow his father's trade of bootmaking (also referred to as shoemaking or cordwaining). He married at the age of 18 years Elizabeth Dunklin, the daughter of another cordwainer, William Dunklin. They were married at St. Leonards, Shoreditch, on May 1, 1868 (see certificate above)
Like his father, Edward remained in the Enfield district for his entire life. He and Elizabeth raised a family of eight children- Jane, Thomas, Alfred, Annie, Frederick, Henry, John and Alice

Sarah Sanders, 7th child of Edward Sanders and Jane Draper

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Sarah Sanders is the mystery child thus far in my research into this family. She was born in Chase Side, Enfield, in 1847, and was baptised on December 5, 1847, at St. Andrews, Enfield.
She last appears as a witness on the marriage certificate of her sister Emma's marriage to Charles Crawley in 1866, then disappears. I will return to Sarah at a later date and make a more concerted attempt to track her down.

Emma Sanders in the census returns 1871-1901

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Baptisms of Emma Sanders Crawley's children

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Emma Sanders, 6th child of Edward Sanders & Jane Draper

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Emma Sanders was born in Chase Side, Enfield, in 1843, the sixth child and fourth daughter of shoemaker Edward Sanders and his wife Jane Draper. Emma was baptised at St Andrews, Enfield, on August 27, 1843.

On August 27, 1866, aged 23 years, Emma Sanders married Charles Crawley at the Jesus Chapel, Enfield. The couple remained in Enfield and raised a family of six children; Lydia; Emily; Alice;Florence; George and Charles.
At the age of 13 Lydia was missing from the family home in the 1881 census, and my first thought was that she died in childhood. A quick search found her still in Enfield, working as a servant for the family of widow Clara Hewlett and her three grown children.
Charles, or 'Charley' as he was known, worked for years as a coach driver. In the census returns from 1881, 1891 and 1901 the family were living in Parsonage Lane, Enfield, and in 1891 and 1901 Charley's occupation had changed from coach driver to care taker.

Probate Index Elizabeth Sanders & husband Charles Welch

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Elizabeth Sanders Welch through the census returns.

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Baptisms of Henry, Benjamin, Emily, Bertha and Rose Welch.

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Baptisms of Alfred and George Welch.

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Baptisms of Frederick, Florence,Albert & Minnie Welch

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Marriage of Elizabeth Sanders and Charles Welch.

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Elizabeth Sanders

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Elizabeth Sanders was the fifth child and third daughter born to Edward Sanders and Jane Draper. She was born at Chase Side, Enfield, in 1841, and baptised at St Andrews Enfield on July 18, 1841.

On March 7, 1859, at St Botolph, Bishopgate, Elizabeth Sanders married gardener Charles Welch.The couple had a large family of children:- Frederick b 1860; Florence born 1864; Albert b 1866; Minnie b 1869; Alfred Ernest b 1871; George Edwin b 1875; Henry William b 1878; Benjamin Arthur b 1880; Emily Edith b 1881; Bertha Marion b 1883 and Rose born 1885.
Charles Welch died at 105 Chase Side, Enfield, on December 17, 1913. He left effects valued at 520 pounds, and administration of the will was granted to his widow, Elizabeth Welch, on January 25, 1916.
Elizabeth Sanders Welch died at 105 Chase Side, Enfield, on April 8, 1921. Probate of her will was granted to John Strange Stribling, insurance agent, and her effects were valued at 1110 pounds.

Susan Sanders in census returns 1851 to 1901

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Above: Susan Sanders as she appeared in census returns from 1851 to 1901, with the exception of 1861, where I cannot locate the Houlton family anywhere!

Baptisms of the children of Susan Sanders and William Houlton

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The two marriages of Susan Sanders

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Susan Sanders

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Susan Sanders was born in 1835 at Chase Side, Enfield, the fourth child and second daughter born to shoemaker Edward Sanders and his wife Jane Draper.
By the age of 15 Susan was out in the work force, living as a servant in the home of Joseph Bennett, biscuit baker, and his wife Jemima.
On June 11, 1854, at St. Peters, Walworth, Susan Sanders married William Houlton, shoemaker. The couple had five children: William born 1855; Emma Susan born 1859; Ellen born 1863; Phoebe born 1868 and Frederick born 1875.

Some time in the mid-to-late 1870s, William Houlton died, and on October 12, 1879, Susan Sanders Houlton married widower Alfred Thomas Sharpe. Alfred was about eight years younger than Susan, not four as suggested on their marriage certificate when Alfred's age was given as 36 and Susan's as 40(she was actually 44)Alfred was a bricklayer who had married first wife, Jane Fowler, on Christmas Day, 1865, at Brompton Holy Trinity. Alfred and Jane had five children that I can find:- Harry born 1879; Charlotte, Janie, William and Alfred Thomas. Harry must have died in infancy, because in the 1871 census Alfred's and Jane's only child was a one month old daughter named Jane.The 1881 also mentioned a child named James Sharpe, aged 11, that I can't find a record for.

Susan Sanders Houlton Sharpe died at 14 Bolton Street, Kennington Park, Surrey, on July 20, 1904, aged 70. Probate of her will was granted to Fredrick Houlton, bootmaker, her youngest son from her first marriage. Susan's estate was worth just over seven hundred pounds.

Burial of Henry Sanders

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Baptisms of several of Henry Sanders' children

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Above: The baptisms of three of the daughters of Henry Draper and Mary Ann Asher- Elizabeth Jane, Mary Ann and Jane.

Henry Sanders Census returns.

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Top: Henry Sanders in the 1851 census
2nd Top: Henry in the 1861 census.
2nd bottom: Henry in the 1871 census
Bottom: Henry in the 1881 census

Children of Edward Sanders and Jane Draper.

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I have already covered the lives of the two eldest Sanders children, Thomas and Jane, both of whom emigrated to Australia in 1849, so I will start here with child number three, Henry Sanders....

Henry Sanders was baptised at St. Andrews, Enfield, on September 30, 1832, and grew up in Chase Side. In the 1841 census he was an eight year old boy living with his parents and four siblings at Chase Side, Enfield. Ten years later, Henry was still living in Chase Side, but had moved out of home and was sharing a residence with 26 year old carpenter William Armstrong. The notation "lodgers together" was written in response to 'relation to head of family' next to William Armstrong's name.

On 22 October, 1854, Henry married Mary Ann Asher,the daughter of Thomas and Ann Asher.By 1861 Henry and his young family were living at 59 King Street, Shoreditch. Henry was working as a labourer at a gas factory, supporting five year old Elizabeth Jane, 3 year old Mary Ann and 10 month old Henry Charles.
By 1871, Henry's family had expanded, his children living at their residence in Old Road, Enfield, being: Mary Ann 13; Henry Charles 11; William 9; Caroline 3 and Jane 1. Henry's occupation was given as 'dealer'.

Henry appears for the last time on the census of 1881. He and his family were still living in Old Road, Enfield, and Henry was a 'green grocer and hawker'.Living at home were 18 year old William Edward, brickmaker; Caroline Jane, 13, working at a jute factory;11 year old Jane and 9 year old Alfred, both scholars.

Henry Sanders died the following year. He was buried in the parish of St. James, Enfield Highway, on July 30, 1882, aged 49. His abode was noted as being Old Road, Enfield Highway.